{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T04:36:19Z","timestamp":1780979779934,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PCN Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improving sleep quality is a crucial clinical objective in schizophrenia care; however, the association between evidence\u2010based pharmacological treatment and sleep outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to examine whether guideline adherence, assessed using the individual fitness score (IFS), correlated with actigraphy\u2010measured sleep in long\u2010term hospitalized patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 40 inpatients aged &lt;65 years who were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Guideline adherence was assessed using the IFS and actigraphy was used to measure total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), and sleep efficiency (SE). In 33 patients, these measures were re\u2010evaluated after 6 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional analysis showed a positive correlation between IFS and TST (rho\u2009=\u20090.362, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022), which persisted after adjusting for Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.318, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024). IFS was not associated with SL or SE, and differences in hypnotic use did not significantly affect the sleep parameters. Additionally, longitudinal changes in IFS over 6 months were not significantly associated with changes in TST, SL, or SE (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort of long\u2010term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia, guideline adherence (higher IFS) was associated with increased TST. However, no clear longitudinal effects of IFS on sleep were observed. These findings emphasize the importance of guideline adherence in optimizing sleep, although extended follow\u2010ups and larger sample sizes are required to confirm the long\u2010term impact of guideline\u2010based treatments on sleep in patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T07:48:30Z","timestamp":1752133710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between pharmacological guideline adherence and actigraphy\u2010measured sleep variables in long\u2010term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6535-4585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kentaro","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kurita Hospital Nagano 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