{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T15:11:07Z","timestamp":1771168267058,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PCN Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood abuse, personality traits, and stressful life events are among the many factors that contribute to the development of depression, yet the nature of their interrelationships has not been fully clarified. This research set out to investigate the interrelationships among childhood abuse, stressful life events, behavioral inhibition system (BIS)\/behavioral activation system (BAS) sensitivity, and depressive symptoms in adults from a nonclinical population using structural equation modeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 286 Japanese adults without any psychiatric history participated in the study. Participants filled out a set of self\u2010report instruments, including the Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109 (PHQ\u20109), the BIS\/BAS scale, the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, and the Life Experiences Survey (LES). Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression and structural equation modeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      By structural equation modeling, childhood abuse showed a significant indirect effect on PHQ\u20109 through BIS. The pathway from childhood abuse to the LES negative change score via BIS reached statistical significance, while the remaining indirect routes did not show significance. Childhood abuse had a significant total indirect effect on PHQ\u20109 scores (indirect coefficient = 0.092,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood abuse influences the increase in depressive symptoms via increased BIS sensitivity, but not via stressful life events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T13:09:52Z","timestamp":1759324192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interrelationship of childhood abuse, BIS\/BAS, and stressful life events in predicting depression: A structural equation modeling study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1799-1360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Tamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Takashio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiro","family":"Masuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kikkawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rintaro","family":"Nibuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunichiro","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5248-1289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1083968"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.837"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.4.631"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-006-0002-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(94)00086-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S82236"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291797005588"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.02.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.52.1.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(98)00158-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(70)90069-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67783-0_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-6566(87)90030-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022247919288"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00364"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(97)00078-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(96)00010-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022119414440"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11031-006-9003-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192315841"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.111.4.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101842"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.103.3.460"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.67.2.319"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.78.6.1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2007.04.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1212187"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117085"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1614.2006.01826.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2019.0165"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Systems under indirect observation: causality, structure, prediction","author":"Boomsma A","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.101.3.952-960"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199235"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2132\/personality.15.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(94)00131-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th annual meeting of the Japanese Society for Traumatic Stress Studies","author":"Tanabe H","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-022-00240-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.46.5.932"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness\u2010of\u2010fit measures","volume":"8","author":"Schermelleh\u2010Engel K","year":"2003","journal-title":"Methods Psychol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S269874"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.07.010"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pcn5.70210","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pcn5.70210","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pcn5.70210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T14:46:49Z","timestamp":1771166809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pcn5.70210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pcn5.70210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pcn5.70210","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2769-2558","2769-2558"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2769-2558","type":"print"},{"value":"2769-2558","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70210"}}