{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T15:11:01Z","timestamp":1771168261379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PCN Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the impact of grief and depression on reduced productivity in and outside work among bereaved family members of individuals with cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the data from the J\u2010HOPE\u20104 study, a nationwide cross\u2010sectional survey involving the bereaved families of individuals with cancer in inpatient hospices and palliative care units across Japan. We evaluated the participants' level of grief on the Brief Grief Questionnaire, their level of depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire, and their level of productivity loss on the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the participating 902 bereaved families, 98 individuals (10.9%) corresponded to probable prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and 367 (40.7%) to possible PGD. Of the 217 individuals (24.1%) corresponded to mild depression, 89 (9.9%) to moderate depression, and 44 (4.9%) to moderate\u2010to\u2010severe depression. The work\u2010related productivity losses in possible and probable PGD samples were 12.6% and 15.7%, respectively. The work\u2010related productivity losses due to mild, moderate, and moderate\u2010to\u2010severe depression were 8.8%, 19.4%, and 32.5%, respectively. The productivity losses outside work in individuals with possible and probable PGD were 21.6% and 30.9%, respectively. The productivity losses in mild, moderate, and moderate\u2010to\u2010severe depression were 22.6%, 32.8%, and 37.0%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impact of grief on productivity loss was comparable with that of mild to moderate depression. Both the severity of grief and depression were significantly associated with productivity losses outside work, while only depression was significantly associated with work\u2010related productivity loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T08:04:42Z","timestamp":1765267482000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations between grief, depression, and productivity loss among the bereaved families of individuals with cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1913-6955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Quality Assurance Programs National Cancer Center, Institute for Cancer Control  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaya","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Research National Center for Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Human Sciences Musashino University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Palliative Care Team Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Kizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Care Tsukuba University  Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Tsuneto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Shima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine, Tsukuba Medical Center Foundation, Home Care Service Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kento","family":"Masukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsunori","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61816-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180302887"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112786"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20823"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp2308707"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-018-0319-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199304050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","unstructured":"Reilly Associates Website. 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