{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T18:44:32Z","timestamp":1788461072480,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PCN Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interventions targeting subthreshold depression (StD) are critically important for preventing major depressive disorder's onset. Our smartphone\u2010based, video\u2010viewing website (SPSRS), which presents positive word stimulation in videos, is a novel intervention for improving StD's depressive symptoms. Because no rigorous evidence exists for SPSRS's efficacy, this trial aims to evaluate the SPSRS intervention's efficacy on depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The trial will be an evaluator\u2010blinded, randomized, 5\u2010week, parallel\u2010group superiority trial designed to assess whether the SPSRS intervention (experimental group) is effective compared to no intervention (waiting\u2010list control group). In a 1:1 ratio, 400 participants with StD will be randomly assigned to an experimental group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009200) or a waiting\u2010list control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009200). The experimental group will receive a 10\u2010min SPSRS video\u2010viewing intervention once daily for 5 weeks; when the intervention ends, the waiting\u2010list control group will receive the treatment upon request. The intervention's primary outcome will be the mean change from baseline on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; secondary outcomes will include the mean change from baseline on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven\u2010item scale.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results are presented according to the protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This trial's confirmation of SPSRS's efficacy could lead to new StD intervention strategies and provide interventions tailored to patient needs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T10:00:28Z","timestamp":1769853628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy of a video\u2010viewing intervention of smartphone\u2010based positive word stimulation on depressive symptoms in individuals with subthreshold depression: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Uchida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences Gunma University Maebashi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Kurashiki Heisei Hospital Kurashiki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Igusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences Gunma University Maebashi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chihaya","family":"Machida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences Gunma University Maebashi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Fujioka General Hospital Fujioka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences Gunma University Maebashi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Corporation Taiseikai Uchida Hospital Numata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2467-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuki","family":"Hirao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718000557"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291722000241"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-181"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2024.104253"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-004-0745-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.071191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00087-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2025.10077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2025.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S425509"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1117-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2025.102644"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.3750"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12540"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2017-0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109422"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1150432"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007494"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20472"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-91181-2_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2024.1383913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-025-01258-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-024-00312-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000018934"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S323126"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S415937"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2022.2087530"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","first-page":"717","article-title":"New self\u2010rating scale for depression","volume":"27","author":"Shima S","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113132"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.5.484"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081660"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs13010072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2005.01408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000535624"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2017.1325023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.101394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S173255"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702006074"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","first-page":"166","article-title":"Examination of the validity and the utility of the Japanese version of the GAD\u20107","volume":"50","author":"Muramatsu K","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Psychosom Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/jmt.2009.17.3.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720003700"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088166"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2018.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2021.110487"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200412000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199235"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-8343(94)90008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064773"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2011.02236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12795"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S417446"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01741"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.04.140"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-015-0244-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05912-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466509X472138"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.11.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.3.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-92"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","volume-title":"Statistical methods for meta\u2010analysis","author":"Hedges LV","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/12775"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/63139"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02925-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012300"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113930"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.invent.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-007-9144-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13634615241245872"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.03119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e3181a56606"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/30907"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S392403"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-017-2168-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X16673538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1655"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-020-00479-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-015-0071-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714001299"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pcn5.70284","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pcn5.70284","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pcn5.70284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:06:05Z","timestamp":1774584365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pcn5.70284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pcn5.70284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pcn5.70284","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2769-2558","2769-2558"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2769-2558","type":"print"},{"value":"2769-2558","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70284"}}