{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:09:36Z","timestamp":1760954976209},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,30]],"date-time":"2007-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>ADAM 12 is a placenta\u2010derived glycoprotein that is involved in growth and differentiation. The maternal serum concentration of ADAM 12 is a potential first\u2010trimester maternal serum marker of Down syndrome (DS). Here we examine the potential of ADAM 12 as a second\u2010trimester maternal serum marker of DS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The concentration of ADAM 12 was determined in gestational week 14\u201319 in 88 DS pregnancies and 341 matched control pregnancies. Medians of normal pregnancies were established by polynomial regression and the distribution of log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> MoM ADAM 12 values in DS pregnancies and controls determined. Correlations with alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) and free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotrophin (free \u03b2\u2010hCG) were established and used to model the performance of maternal serum screening with ADAM 12 in combination with other second\u2010trimester serum markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ADAM 12 maternal serum concentration was significantly increased with a median MoM of 1.85 and a mean log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> MoM (SD) of 0.268 (0.2678) compared to a mean log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> MoM (SD) of 0.013 (0.4318) in controls. ADAM 12 correlated with maternal weight and ethnicity (with the serum concentration increased in Afro\u2010Caribbeans), but neither with maternal age nor gestational age, and only marginally with AFP (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>(DS) = 0.078, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>(controls) = 0.093) and free \u03b2\u2010hCG (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>(DS) = 0.073, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>(controls) = 0.144. The increase in detection rate\u2014for a false positive rate of 5%\u2014by adding ADAM 12 to the double test (AFP + free \u03b2\u2010hCG) was 4%, similar to that of adding uE3 to the double test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ADAM 12 is an efficient second\u2010trimester marker for DS. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether it may be a useful additonal or alternative marker to those currently used in the second\u2010trimester. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,30]],"date-time":"2007-04-30T10:19:20Z","timestamp":1177928360000},"page":"611-615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["ADAM 12 as a second\u2010trimester maternal serum marker in screening for Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennie","family":"Laigaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Cowans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Severin Olesen","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulla M.","family":"Wewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(02)00186-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200303000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(95)01658-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.336"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970151111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.1.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-4-806"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-4-797"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E05-03-0258"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00699"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0262"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E04-03-0226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000165829.65319.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1540"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jms.5.2.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3835"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0223(199702)17:2<101::AID-PD4>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59259-712-3","volume-title":"The IGF System. 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