{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T13:27:51Z","timestamp":1775654871462,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,30]],"date-time":"2008-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparison of contingent, step\u2010wise and integrated screening policies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mid\u2010trimester Down syndrome risks were retrospectively calculated from FaSTER trial data. For contingent screening, initial risk was calculated from ultrasound measurement of nuchal translucency (NT), maternal serum pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein (PAPP)\u2010A and free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) at 11\u201313 weeks, and classified positive (&gt;1 in 30), borderline (1 in 30\u20131500) or negative. Borderline risks were recalculated using \u03b1\u2010fetoprotein, hCG, unconjugated estriol (uE<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) and inhibin at 15\u201318 weeks, and reclassified as positive (&gt;1 in 270) or negative. For step\u2010wise screening, initial negative risks were also recalculated. For integrated screening, a single risk was calculated from NT, PAPP\u2010A and the second trimester markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 86 Down syndrome and 32 269 unaffected pregancies. The detection rate for contingent screening was 91% and false\u2010positive rate was 4.5%; initial detection rate was 60%, initial false\u2010positive rate was 1.2% and borderline risk was 23%. Step\u2010wise screening had 92% detection rate and 5.1% false\u2010positive rate; integrated screening had 88% and 4.9% respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As predicted by modelling, the contingent screening detection rate for a fixed false\u2010positive rate is comparable with step\u2010wise and integrated screening, but substantially reduces the number needing to return for second trimester testing. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,30]],"date-time":"2008-01-30T16:48:20Z","timestamp":1201711700000},"page":"89-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Contingent screening for Down syndrome\u2014results from the FaSTER trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Howard S.","family":"Cuckle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fergal D.","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. 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