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Most of the cells showed a fine fibrillar cytoplasmic fluorescence with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA), indicating that amniotic fluid cells in anencephalic pregnancies are of glial origin. The GFA\u2010positive cells were rapidly adhering and proliferating. They remained as the major cell type also in long term cultures, and could easily be recovered from liquid nitrogen without losing their GFA positivity. GFA\u2010positive cells were pleomorphic in appearance, and occurred in several morphologically different shapes. Amniotic fluid from one of the anencephalic cases contained typical neuronal cells, which in IIF were GFA\u2010negative but could specifically be stained with anti\u2010neurofilament antibodies. Most of the GFA\u2010negative cells in all the cases were fibroblasts, identified by their fluorescence only with antibodies against vimentin. Epithelial cells showing positive keratin\u2010fluorescence in IIF, were seen only occasionally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970010405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T15:36:17Z","timestamp":1172936177000},"page":"259-267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Glial and neuronal cells in amniotic fluid of anencephalic pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Von Koskull","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.\u2010P.","family":"Lehto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Vartio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Aula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.281.6253.1456"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/25.6.69656"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-008301-5.50012-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91634-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"327","article-title":"The fine structure of growing and non\u2010growing whole glia cell preparations","volume":"18","author":"Collins V. 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