{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T19:21:20Z","timestamp":1757704880418},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,21]],"date-time":"2005-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4738,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal male cells from maternal venous blood were detected by a non\u2010radioactive <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization method using the biotinylated Y\u2010specific DNA probe pY431. The hybridizations were performed on Ficoll\u2010Paque\u2010isolated nucleated blood cells obtained from 11 pregnant women in the seventh to 31st week of gestation. A Y\u2010specific signal was detected in both granulocytes and lymphocyte\u2010like cells in seven of the 11 women studied. These women gave birth to boys. In one of the four remaining cases, a Y\u2010specific signal was detected in the lymphocyte\u2010like cells but not in the granulocytes. This woman gave birth to a girl. The other three women had no cells with a Y\u2010specific signal and all three gave birth to girls. Altogether, 83 500 nucleated cells were analysed. One hundred and three cells showed a Y\u2010specific signal. Of these Y\u2010specific cells, 62 per cent were granulocytes and 38 per cent lymphocyte\u2010like cells. Our results suggest that fetomaternal transfer of granulocytes is common and that it occurs as early as in the seventh week of gestation. None of the ten non\u2010pregnant female control samples showed positive cells with the Y\u2010chromosome\u2010specific probe; approximately 97 per cent of the cells from the five adult male controls showed a Y\u2010specific signal. Our results indicate that <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization using a Y\u2010specific DNA probe performed on granulocytes in maternal blood can be used for fetal male sex determination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970121204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,4]],"date-time":"2007-03-04T05:59:41Z","timestamp":1172987981000},"page":"993-1000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Fetal granulocytes in maternal venous blood detected by <i>in situ<\/i> hybridization"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maija","family":"Wessman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Ylinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakari","family":"Knuutila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970111008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90509-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.9.3279"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970111007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.38.10.1085"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970080807"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Transfusion foeto\u2010maternelle de lymphocytes sanguins et de d\u00e9tection du sexe du foetus","volume":"14","author":"de Grouchy J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann. 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