{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T17:24:47Z","timestamp":1698513887768},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4192,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An electron microscopic DOPA reaction test of fetal skin was used for the prenatal diagnosis of tyrosinase\u2010negative oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). The subject was a 34\u2010year\u2010old Japanese woman in her second pregnancy. Her first child, born in 1982, had been previously examined and confirmed to have tyrosinase\u2010negative OCA. The parents requested a prenatal diagnosis and we sampled skin from the upper trunk of the fetus. On conventional electron microscopy, the development of melanosomes in interfollicular melanocytes had progressed no further than stage II. Fetal skin samples incubated with L\u2010DOPA solution indicated a lack of tyrosinase activity and showed that the melanosomes had not progressed beyond stage II. In skin samples from the trunks of three Japanese fetuses aborted for other reasons at 19\u201320 weeks of gestation, most premature melanosomes were further melanized to stage IV after incubation with L\u2010DOPA solution. A prenatal diagnosis of tyrosinase\u2010negative OCA was made. The parents requested a termination and skin biopsies of the abortus confirmed the diagnosis. This study shows that tyrosinase is normally present in melanocytes of the fetal epidermis at 20 weeks' gestation, and that the electron microscopic DOPA reaction test of a fetal skin biopsy specimen is safe and practical, and provides reliable information for making a prenatal diagnosis of tyrosinase\u2010negative OCA in the second trimester.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970140605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,4]],"date-time":"2007-03-04T09:42:48Z","timestamp":1173001368000},"page":"443-450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prenatal diagnosis of tyrosinase\u2010negative oculocutaneous albinism by an electron microscopic dopa reaction test of fetal skin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Ishiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arata","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Suzumori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeji","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-71524-2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4832-2888-4.50035-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism: implications for other hereditary disorders of pigmentation","volume":"3","author":"Eady R. A. J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Sem. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12534349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)78482-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(91)70030-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970010202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.1983.tb01100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Structure of the developing human embryonic and fetal skin","volume":"3","author":"Holbrook K. A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Sem. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of human albinos","volume":"37","author":"Kugelman T. P.","year":"1961","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/12.10.784"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"471","volume-title":"Advances of Biology of Skin. Vol. IX: Hair Growth","author":"Mottaz J. H.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/16.5.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1975.tb03116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1953.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92288-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970110707"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Molecular basis of tyrosinase\u2010negative oculocutaneous albinism","volume":"265","author":"Takeda A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. 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