{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T19:56:14Z","timestamp":1762458974413},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,11]],"date-time":"2012-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have shown a correlation between hypospadias and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), suggesting an association between placental insufficiency and abnormal genital development. This study sought to analyze the association of IUGR and genital abnormalities apparent on fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 22 MRI scans of 20 male fetuses between 20 and 35\u2009weeks of gestation presenting with IUGR. On MRI, penile length and testicular descent were evaluated. Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010testing and analysis of covariance were used to compare MRI penile length measurements with published normative data obtained from fetal ultrasonography (US) and MRI. McNemar testing was used to evaluate testicular descent in IUGR, compared with reported fetal MRI normative data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The penile length in IUGR fetuses was shorter than in normal fetuses (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Furthermore, six of 20 fetuses presented with a micropenis (2.5 SD below the mean value for age). Undescended testes were significantly more frequent in IUGR fetuses than in normal fetuses (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data confirm that abnormal fetal growth may be associated with penile shortening and, potentially, also undescended testes. \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.3831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T03:16:28Z","timestamp":1334200588000},"page":"427-431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Male genital abnormalities in intrauterine growth restriction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Stefan F.","family":"Nemec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology Medical University Vienna  Waehringer Guertel 18\u201020 A\u20101090 Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Medical Genetics Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center  8700 Beverly Boulevard, PACT Suite 400 Los Angeles CA 90048 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Nemec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology Medical University Vienna  Waehringer Guertel 18\u201020 A\u20101090 Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Brugger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Integrative Morphology Group Medical University Vienna  Waehringerstrasse 13 A\u20101090 Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Bettelheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Medical University Vienna  Waehringer Guertel 18\u201020 A\u20101090 Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology Medical University Vienna  Waehringer Guertel 18\u201020 A\u20101090 Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"John M.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center  8700 Beverly Boulevard, PACT Suite 400 Los Angeles CA 90048 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Rimoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center  8700 Beverly Boulevard, PACT Suite 400 Los Angeles CA 90048 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