{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:39:24Z","timestamp":1777725564069,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]],"date-time":"2013-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this research was to evaluate the addition of first trimester maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) to the combined test for Down syndrome and a serum only protocol of PlGF, AFP, free <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein\u2010A.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Samples were from 92 Down syndrome cases with 552 matched controls. All women had a combined test at 11\u201314\u2009weeks gestation. PlGF and AFP were measured and expressed in multiples of the gestation\u2010specific median (MoM), adjusting for maternal weight and smoking status. Multivariate Gaussian modeling was used to predict detection and false\u2010positive rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median PlGF level in the cases was 0.694 MoM and controls 1.000 MoM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009&lt;0.0001). The corresponding values for AFP were 0.764 MoM and 0.990 MoM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Statistical modeling predicted that for a given false\u2010positive rate, the addition of PlGF to the combined test increases the detection rate by 4\u20137%. For a given detection rate, the false\u2010positive rate could be almost halved. When both PlGF and AFP are used, the detection rate increase is 5\u20138%. A serum only protocol had a predicted a detection rate of 71% for a false\u2010positive rate of 5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results suggest a substantial benefit of adding PlGF to the combined test. \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]],"date-time":"2013-03-26T07:27:23Z","timestamp":1364282843000},"page":"457-461","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Maternal serum placental growth factor and <i>\u03b1<\/i>\u2010fetoprotein testing in first trimester screening for Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kim","family":"Donalson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department Royal Victoria Infirmary  Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department Royal Victoria Infirmary  Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department Royal Victoria Infirmary  Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Liitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallac Oy a subsidiary of PerkinElmer Inc  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallac Oy a subsidiary of PerkinElmer Inc  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Cuckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Medical College of Columbia University  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6331"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2496"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.8881"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335684"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KaganK HoopmannM AbeleH AlkierR L\u00fcthgensK.First trimester combined screening for trisomy 21 with different combinations of placental growth factor free \u03b2\u2010hCG and PAPP\u2010A.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol.2012[Epub ahead of print]","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11173"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444314342.ch24"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2660"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000324352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780110211"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2894"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456320203900604"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta7110"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09765.x"}],"container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpd.4087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpd.4087","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pd.4087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T12:20:33Z","timestamp":1696940433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pd.4087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pd.4087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pd.4087","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-3851","1097-0223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-3851","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0223","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]]}}}