{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:34:39Z","timestamp":1788388479945,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to assess the fetal conus medullaris (CM) position with three\u2010dimensional (3D) ultrasonography and its use in detecting and diagnosing spina bifida occulta (SBO).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined 150 normal fetuses (gestational age, 20\u201338\u2009weeks) and 14 fetuses with SBO. All fetuses underwent prenatal 3D ultrasonography, and the CM position in relation to the vertebral body was evaluated using volume contrast imaging. Intra\u2010 and inter\u2010observer agreements were assessed using weighted kappa. The correlation between gestational age and CM level was determined by linear regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Operators successfully located the CM position in 145 cases. The CM was at L3 or higher in all normal group cases. A linear relationship was noted between gestational age (<jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>) and CM position (<jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>) (<jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.118<jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic>\u2009+\u20096.011, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.679, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The weighted kappa values for intra\u2010 and inter\u2010observer agreement were 1.0 and 0.788, respectively. The CM was located at L3 in one case and lower than L3 in 13 cases in the SBO group. All values were below the fifth percentile for the normal group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional ultrasonography may accurately determine the CM vertebral level. Prenatal evaluation of the CM position may improve the detection and diagnosis of SBO. \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T07:19:12Z","timestamp":1394176752000},"page":"564-569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prenatal evaluation of the conus medullaris position in normal fetuses and fetuses with spina bifida occulta using three\u2010dimensional ultrasonography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Ning","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie\u2010Ling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Fetal Medical Centre the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.12.2.1561418"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"821","article-title":"Incidence of spina bifida occulta in relatives of children with myelodysplasia. Indications for high\u2010risk screening","volume":"107","author":"Jahrig K","year":"1985","journal-title":"Zentralbl Gynakol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a98560"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340000325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164104225017974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2007.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"516","article-title":"Tethered cord syndrome in childhood: special emphasis on the surgical technique and review of the literature with our experience","volume":"21","author":"Solmaz I","year":"2011","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"The tethered spinal cord: its protean manifestations, diagnosis and surgical correction","volume":"2","author":"Hoffman HJ","year":"1976","journal-title":"Childs Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"A method for sonographic counting of the lower vertebral bodies in newborns and infants","volume":"15","author":"Beek FJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2006.25.11.1397"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1994.13.7.541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Static volume contrast imaging (VCI) \u2013 clinical implications in obstetrics and gynecology","volume":"49","author":"Markov D","year":"2010","journal-title":"Akush Ginekol (Sofiia)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.644364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4073"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(96)00498-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2572"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.185.1.1523291"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"553","article-title":"Normal fetal lumbar spine on postmortem MR imaging","volume":"27","author":"Widjaja E","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.8955"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2012.31.11.1743"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.152.5.1029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199612010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1014379"}],"container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpd.4349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpd.4349","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pd.4349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T05:25:54Z","timestamp":1696483554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pd.4349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pd.4349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pd.4349","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-3851","1097-0223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-3851","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0223","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]}}}