{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:10:43Z","timestamp":1785499843567,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,26]],"date-time":"2014-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study is to analyze the contribution of biochemistry and cytology of fetal ascites fluid to the etiological diagnosis of ascites after ultrasonographic scan, maternal blood sampling, and fetal karyotyping.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective study of 100 consecutive cases of nonimmune fetal ascites in which ascites fluid was sampled. All women underwent referral ultrasound scan and fetal karyotyping. All cases of fetal ascites were studied by biochemistry (total protein, <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010microglobulin, IgM, gamma\u2010glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase, aminopeptidase M, and intestinal isoform of alkaline phosphatase) and cytology (lymphocyte count and vacuolated cells).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The etiology of ascites was diagnosed at ultrasound scan in only 50% of cases. We observed significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) low levels of total protein in ascites of urinary origin, high levels of digestive enzymes in ascites of digestive origin, and high <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010microglobulin in infectious ascites. Vacuolated cells were observed in all ten storage metabolic diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sampling of fetal ascites fluid for biochemical and cytological examination provides important additional information. We propose a two\u2010step management: (1) detailed ultrasound scan examination, maternal blood analysis, and fetal karyotyping and (2) biochemical and cytological analyses. On the basis of such an approach, 63% and 96% of etiologies would have been identified in our series after the first and second steps, respectively. \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,24]],"date-time":"2014-10-24T21:15:40Z","timestamp":1414185340000},"page":"214-220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Biochemical analysis of ascites fluid as an aid to etiological diagnosis: a series of 100 cases of nonimmune fetal ascites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Dreux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochimie\u2010Hormonologie CHU Robert Debr\u00e9 AP\u2010HP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent J.","family":"Salomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gyn\u00e9cologie\u2010Obst\u00e9triqu CHU Necker Enfants Malades AP\u2010HP  Paris 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