{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T05:04:24Z","timestamp":1777784664585,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]],"date-time":"2018-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants with Robin sequence (RS) may present with airway compromise at delivery. Prenatal diagnosis would improve preparation and postnatal care. The purpose of this study was to devise a predictive algorithm for RS based on fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case\u2010control study including fetal MRIs from 2002 to 2017. Inclusion criteria were (1) MRI of adequate quality, (2) live\u2010born infant, and (3) postnatal evaluation. Subjects were grouped on the basis of postnatal diagnosis: (1) RS (micrognathia, glossoptosis, airway obstruction), (2) micrognathia without airway obstruction (\u201cmicrognathia\u201d), (3) cleft lip and palate (\u201cCLP\u201d), and (4) gestational age\u2013matched controls. A series of possible predictive variables were assessed on MRI. Receiver operator curves were applied to identify cut\u2010off values, and a multivariable algorithm was developed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 162 subjects with mean gestational age at MRI of 25.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.9\u00a0weeks were included: RS, n\u00a0=\u00a027 (17%); micrognathia, n\u00a0=\u00a035 (22%); CLP, n\u00a0=\u00a046 (28%); control, n\u00a0=\u00a054 (33%). Three variables were independent predictors of RS: (1) Veau I\/II cleft palate (OR\u00a0=\u00a038.8), (2) tongue shape index (&gt;80%; OR\u00a0=\u00a08.7), and (3) inferior facial angle (&lt;48\u00b0; OR\u00a0=\u00a014.5).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MRI findings of cleft palate, TSI &gt;80% and IFA &lt;48\u00b0 indicate a 98% probability of RS, whereas a lack of all 3 features denotes a likelihood of 1%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T18:35:55Z","timestamp":1519238155000},"page":"357-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["An algorithm for predicting Robin sequence from fetal <scp>MRI<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6391-9618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cory M.","family":"Resnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and 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L.","family":"Padwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maarten J.","family":"Koudstaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Erasmus Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judy A.","family":"Estroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Fetal\u2010Neonatal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Advanced Fetal Care Center Boston Children's Hospital  Boston MA 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