{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:08:45Z","timestamp":1791929325249,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,28]],"date-time":"2018-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Charles University Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the levels of cell\u2010free nuclear DNA (nDNA) and cell\u2010free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the amniotic fluid supernatant from pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) based on evidence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and\/or intra\u2010amniotic inflammation (IAI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 155 women with PPROM were included in this study. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis. The levels of cell\u2010free nDNA and mtDNA in the amniotic fluid supernatant were assessed and quantified by real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of cell\u2010free nDNA and mtDNA were higher in women with MIAC and IAI than in women without these conditions (nDNA: with MIAC: median 3.9\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup> genome equivalent [GE]\/mL vs without MIAC: median 1.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL, with IAI: median: 5.3\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL vs without IAI: median 1.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL; mtDNA: with MIAC: median 9.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL vs without MIAC: median 2.5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL, with IAI: median 1.1\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u00a0GE\/mL vs without IAI: median 2.5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>; all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.01). Women with the microbial\u2010associated IAI showed the highest levels of cell\u2010free nDNA and mtDNA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cell\u2010free nDNA and mtDNA are constituents of the amniotic fluid supernatant from PPROM pregnancies. Both cell\u2010free nDNA and mtDNA are involved in the intra\u2010amniotic inflammatory response in women with PPROM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T00:40:02Z","timestamp":1538440802000},"page":"1086-1095","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Amniotic fluid cell\u2010free DNA in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9858-7900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Kacerovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Charles University, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove  Hradec Kralove Czech Republic"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center University Hospital Hradec Kralove  Hradec Kralove Czech 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