{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:33:12Z","timestamp":1790483592455,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the outcome of pregnancy with fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) below the fifth percentile based on routine second\u2010 or third\u2010trimester ultrasonography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 12\u00a0344 women according to TCD <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> scores based on systematic second\u2010 or third\u2010trimester ultrasound examination between 2007 and 2015. Information on major malformations, chromosomal anomalies, intrauterine or neonatal demise, and other abnormal findings were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 408 fetuses with small prenatal TCD underwent clinical investigation; 160 major malformations were noted, consisting mainly of neurological or cardiac anomalies (39,2%%). Chromosomal anomalies were reported in 39 (9.5%) and intrauterine or neonatal demise in 41 cases (10%). Major malformations and chromosomal anomalies were found in 46.4% and 10% of fetuses with extremely small TCD (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> score\u00a0&lt;\u00a0\u22122.5), respectively, 31.3% and 12.7% of fetuses with small TCD (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> score between \u22122.0 and \u22121.645), and 39.6 % and 7.7% of fetuses with subnormal TCD (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> score between \u22122.0 and \u22121.645). Intrauterine or neonatal demise was noted in 22%, 8.8%, and 4.8% of fetuses with extremely small, small, and subnormal TCD, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Among intrauterine growth\u2010restricted fetuses, fetal demise or neonatal adverse outcome was reported in 75%, 81.8%, and 18.5%, respectively. Of all the fetuses, 2.2% were lost to follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A small cerebellar diameter below the fifth percentile is a relevant marker to detect associated anomalies during routine ultrasound examination in the second or third trimester. This is related to a high rate of fetal malformations, chromosomal anomalies, and genetic disorders, regardless of the severity of the cerebellar small size. Small TCD seems to be a prognostic factor for fetal growth restriction. Therefore, when facing a TCD below the fifth percentile, patients should be referred for further sonography and fetal karyotyping.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T12:36:49Z","timestamp":1556109409000},"page":"536-543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Fetal and perinatal outcome associated with small cerebellar diameter based on second\u2010 or third\u2010trimester ultrasonography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4805-2083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Atallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, H\u00f4pital Femme M\u00e8re Enfant Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard, Lyon 1  Bron\u2010 Lyon 69500 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