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Maternal serum samples during the early third trimester were analyzed for 23 cytokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 20 fetuses with early\u2010onset FGR, 14 had delivery within 2\u2009weeks after sampling. Multivariate analysis revealed that maternal serum concentrations of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor\u20101 (sVEGFR\u20101) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were independently associated with delivery within 2\u2009weeks in early\u2010onset FGR. Among cases of early\u2010onset FGR, concentrations of almost all maternal serum cytokines were similar. Maternal serum sVEGFR\u20101 concentrations were high when delivery occurred within 2\u2009weeks. Maternal serum sCD40L concentrations were elicited only in cases in which delivery within 2\u2009weeks occurred due to fetal deterioration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified two biomarkers, one specific for FGR and the other dependent on severity, that were significant components of angiogenic activities and inflammation factors. Imbalances in serum protein expression may have a substantial effect on the pathogenesis of FGR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]],"date-time":"2020-03-09T10:12:46Z","timestamp":1583748766000},"page":"728-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cytokine profiles in maternal serum are candidates for predicting an optimal timing for the delivery in early\u2010onset fetal growth restriction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3501-4854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihiro","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Oba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rika","family":"Yasuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences Showa University School of Dentistry  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bunbu","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Sekizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01780-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2014.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2018.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-0763-4_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(05)80642-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000181381.82856.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2784"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.114869"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystems.2018.05.006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Hypertension in pregnancy. 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