{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T08:45:23Z","timestamp":1780994723636,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,28]],"date-time":"2003-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of a case of acute rubella infection in the second trimester. The complex issues of prenatal diagnosis of a congenital rubella infection are discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 30\u2010year\u2010old woman presented with a fine macular rash at 15 weeks' gestation. Laboratory testing included maternal rubella\u2010specific IgG and IgM detection (booking blood and acute\u2010phase sample) together with measurement of IgG avidity. Prenatal diagnosis at 19 weeks (amniocentesis) and 23 weeks (amniocentesis and fetal blood) was done using a reverse\u2010transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect rubella\u2010specific RNA. The fetal blood sample was also tested for rubella\u2010specific IgM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal serological results confirmed an acute rubella infection at 15 weeks' gestation. Rubella\u2010specific RNA and IgM were detected in the fetal blood taken at 23 weeks' gestation. However, no rubella RNA was detected in either of the amniotic fluid samples collected at 19 and 23 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In second\u2010trimester rubella where risk of fetal damage is low, prenatal diagnosis can identify the rubella\u2010infected fetus, allowing the parents to make a more informed decision about their options. The optimal sample for prenatal diagnosis is fetal blood as no rubella\u2010specific RNA was detected in the amniotic fluid. 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