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Limited data are available regarding the effect of duration versus timepoint of TO. Our objective was to document the impact of TO on lung development in the near\u2010term period in rats with nitrofen\u2010induced CDH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nitrofen was administered on embryonic day (ED)9 and fetal TO was performed on ED18.5, 19, or 20 (term\u00a0=\u00a0ED22). Sham\u2010operated and untouched littermates served as controls. Lungs were harvested in 0.5\u2010day steps and only fetuses with a left\u2010sided CDH were included in further analyses. Healthy fetuses provided a reference for normal near\u2010term lung development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Duration of TO in the nitrofen rat model for CDH predicts lung growth in terms of lung\u2010body\u2010weight ratio as well as an increased mRNA level of the proliferation marker Ki67. Longer TO also induced a more complex airway architecture. The timepoint of TO was not predictive of lung growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the nitrofen rat model of CDH, a longer period of TO leads to enhanced lung growth and more refined airway architecture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.6428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T10:30:37Z","timestamp":1693650637000},"page":"1274-1283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lung proliferation is dependent on the duration not the\u00a0timepoint of tracheal occlusion in nitrofen rats with diaphragmatic hernia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7149-3724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Division Woman and Child University Hospital Gasthuisberg  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Technologies Faculty of Medicine Katholieke Universiteit Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Froyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics Department of Clinical Biology Jessa Hospital  Hasselt Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastiaan","family":"Deckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surgical Technologies Faculty of Medicine Katholieke Universiteit Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8389-5871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga","family":"Sandaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Imaging University Hospital Gasthuisberg  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Deprest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surgical Technologies Faculty of Medicine Katholieke Universiteit Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Plevoets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics Universiteit Gent  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4920-945X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan A.","family":"Deprest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Division Woman and Child University Hospital Gasthuisberg  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Surgical Technologies Faculty of Medicine Katholieke Universiteit Leuven  Leuven 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