{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T23:02:50Z","timestamp":1775257370448,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital viral infection may result in fetal anemia and thrombocytopenia. While intrauterine blood transfusions (IUTs) are more commonly performed for Rh alloimmunization, reports using IUT for infection have varying success. Our primary objective was to characterize the outcomes of patients undergoing IUT for infectious etiologies at our center compared with Rh disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a case series of patients undergoing IUT from 2012\u20132023. Infectious etiologies were identified by maternal serologies and confirmed by amniotic fluid polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Clinical outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study period, 70 patients underwent IUT, 34% (24\/70) for Rh alloimmunization and 17% (12\/70) for infection. Those with infectious etiologies were more likely to be diagnosed at earlier gestational ages (22 vs. 25\u00a0weeks, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04), with hydrops (75 vs. 33%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03), and thrombocytopenia (27\u00a0\u00b1\u00a033\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> vs. 163\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0112\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Perinatal death was significantly greater in cases of CMV (4\/5, 80%) compared to parvovirus (1\/7, 14%) or Rh alloimmunization (5\/24, 21%) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anemias and thrombocytopenias related to fetal infection may be indications for IUT. Compared with Rh alloimmunization, IUT in fetal infections was performed significantly earlier, and hydrops were more common at the time of IUT. In the case of CMV, greater rates of IUFD (80%) were observed. Patients should be counseled on the various outcomes by indication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.6671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T03:54:41Z","timestamp":1726286081000},"page":"1622-1627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Intrauterine Blood Transfusion (IUT) for Infectious Etiologies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0431-5280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessian L.","family":"Munoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-036X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Benitez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clinic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u) University of Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biome\u0300diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1313-1192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara","family":"Buskmiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1924-7965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Nassr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Belfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0265-9859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena Sanz","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roopali V.","family":"Donepudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5365.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1965.03080110058016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1966.03100200104037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5387.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109378(84)90683\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109378(83)90686\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"BangJ. 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