{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:43:50Z","timestamp":1792104230766,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess microbial culture profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) following fetal surgery compared with spontaneous PPROM without fetal surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cross\u2010sectional study included women with multiple pregnancies and PPROMs &lt;\u00a034\u00a0weeks who underwent fetal surgery\u00a0between September 2018 and January 2024. The study group comprised those who had undergone fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS) or selective fetal reduction (SFR). Endocervical swab and urine cultures were obtained upon PPROM, and placental, uterine and neonatal blood cultures were collected at delivery. A control group included women with multiple pregnancies and PPROMs &lt;\u00a034\u00a0weeks without fetal surgery. Cases with other fetal surgeries, terminations of the pregnancy, or delivery prior to 23\u00a0weeks were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 126 fetal surgeries, 39 (30.9%) developed PPROM; 32 met inclusion criteria. Compared to controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a031), the fetal surgery group had higher rates of positive cultures (42.7% vs. 13.9% of site\u2010level cultures,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a00.01), and of ampicillin\/macrolide resistance (18.8% vs. 4.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a00.01). There tended to be more positive placental cultures (43.8% vs. 25.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.47) in the fetal surgery group. No early\u2010onset neonatal sepsis occurred in the fetal surgery group but one in the control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PPROM following fetal surgery was characterized by a distinct bacterial profile and greater ampicillin\/macrolide resistance than spontaneous PPROM. These exploratory findings warrant prospective confirmation before informing changes to clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.70283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:44:18Z","timestamp":1792100658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbial Culture Profiles Following Fetal Surgery Versus Spontaneous Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes in Multifetal Gestations"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3393-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ohad","family":"Houri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Schneider Hospital for Women Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinneret Tenenbaum","family":"Gavish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Schneider Hospital for Women Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4114-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bar","family":"Narkis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Schneider Hospital for Women Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofir","family":"Sternfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Schneider Hospital for Women Rabin Medical Center  Petach\u2010Tikva Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv 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