{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:51:52Z","timestamp":1775782312739,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,17]],"date-time":"2001-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":987465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal serum alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported to be decreased in insulin\u2010dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The objective of the present study was to reinvestigate this finding in detail. Maternal serum levels of AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in 114 diabetic women, of whom 84 had IDDM, were compared to those of 19,251 control pregnancies in the second trimester (15th to 20th gestational weeks). The mean body weight at the date of sampling was 73.7\u2009kg in all diabetic women, 72.7\u2009kg in women with IDDM and 68.3\u2009kg in non\u2010diabetic women, respectively. Body weights were significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) elevated in all diabetic pregnancies. Using weight\u2010adjusted MoM (multiple of the median) values no statistical difference of serum levels in diabetic and non\u2010diabetic pregnant women was found. Median MoM levels were 1.01 (hCG), 1.01 (uE3), 1.06 (AFP) in all diabetic women, and 0.95 (hCG), 0.96 (uE3), 0.96 (AFP) in women with IDDM, respectively. Ignoring adjustment for maternal weight leads to a reduction of all serum parameters in diabetic pregnancies. However, median MoM values of all three analytes are not statistically different when compared to non\u2010diabetic pregnancies. This finding is contrary to the results of former studies from the 1970s and 1980s. It is concluded that progress in insulin adjustment and blood glucose surveillance of diabetic patients on the whole has balanced out serum levels. Therefore adjustment of serum AFP values for diabetic status no longer seems reasonable. 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