{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:04:41Z","timestamp":1757700281385},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,7]],"date-time":"2003-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1065484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal serum alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) levels have been known to be increased in red blood cell alloimmunisation. Since AFP is now thought be a pro\u2010erythropoietic factor, we wished to evaluate fetal serum levels of AFP in cases of alloimmunised pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied AFP levels in 32 fetal serum samples from women with red blood cell alloimmunisation at the time of the first fetal blood sampling. We expressed the levels of AFP and haemoglobin as absolute numbers and as delta values (number of SDs by which the observed value differed from the normal mean for the same gestation). Main outcome measures were fetal serum AFP levels and fetal haemoglobin concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, fetal AFP level was higher than normal in the cases (delta values 2.4 \u00b1 5.5 SD). However, mildly affected non\u2010hydropic cases had higher levels than severely affected fetuses with hydrops.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetuses affected by red blood cell alloimmunisation have increased levels of serum AFP but these levels fall back to low levels in severe anaemia especially with hydrops, which could represent the failing of a compensatory erythropoietic mechanism. Our results suggest that fetal haematopoiesis is activated early in red blood cell alloimmunisation but was subsequently impaired. Copyright \u00a9 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,20]],"date-time":"2003-11-20T18:17:22Z","timestamp":1069352242000},"page":"917-920","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fetal serum alpha\u2010fetoprotein in alloimmunised pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jose L.","family":"Bartha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gayle","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillipa M.","family":"Kyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Soothill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"689","article-title":"Relationship between alpha\u2010fetoprotein and fetal erythropoiesis","volume":"44","author":"Bartha JL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200010000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.12.2548","article-title":"Serum alpha\u2010fetoprotein in newborns","volume":"44","author":"Bellini C","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"712","article-title":"Misleading Rh phenotype and severe prolonged anemia in hemolytic disease in the newborn","volume":"141","author":"Burk CD","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199608000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428199609054776"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.17.1.37","article-title":"Damage of the bone marrow due to Rh antibody","volume":"18","author":"Giblett ER","year":"1956","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105486"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Alloimmune Disorders of Pregnancy","author":"Hadley A","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000203893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199011000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803193381210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90413-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13395.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"1762","volume-title":"Fetal and Neonatal Physiology","author":"Ohls RK","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1975.tb25402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-197310000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"351","article-title":"High level of alphafetoprotein (AFP) and persistence of hemopoiesis in the liver of nude mice","volume":"3","author":"Serova IA","year":"1982","journal-title":"Oncodev Biol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.12.4425"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803193381204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(94)90477-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1974.tb00496.x"}],"container-title":["Prenatal Diagnosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpd.728","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pd.728","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T20:57:36Z","timestamp":1700254656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pd.728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pd.728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pd.728","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-3851","1097-0223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-3851","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0223","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,7]]}}}