{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T14:46:49Z","timestamp":1758638809645},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this report is to characterize reports to poison control centers (PCCs) involving two widely used herbal dietary supplements (HDSs), <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic>, and St. John's wort (SJW).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We purchased data from the American Association of Poison Control Center's (AAPCC) toxic exposure surveillance system (TESS\u00ae) on reports made to PCCs in 2001 involving <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> or SJW. Analyses were limited to those cases in which <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> or SJW were the only associated products, and in which these HDSs were deemed primary to observed adverse effects. Descriptive statistics were generated for selected demographic and exposure\u2010related variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 2001, PCCs were contacted regarding 406 exposures involving <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> and 356 exposures involving SJW. Most of the reported exposures for both HDSs occurred among children 5 years and younger, and the majority of exposures were coded as unintentional. For both HDSs, exposures among patients \u226520 years old were more likely to be associated with adverse effects. Intentional exposures accounted for 21% of SJW cases and 3% of <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> cases, with 13% of SJW exposures reported as \u2018suspected suicidal\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TESS\u00ae represents a potentially important means of assessing and characterizing HDS\u2010related adverse effects. Detailed studies validating the clinical events and outcomes of a sample of exposures reported to TESS\u00ae might offer substantial insights into adverse events (AEs) that could be systematically studied with other, established pharmacoepidemiological study designs. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T12:53:26Z","timestamp":1183726406000},"page":"947-957","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["National surveillance of herbal dietary supplement exposures: the poison control center experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Brian M.","family":"Gryzlak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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