{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:27:58Z","timestamp":1791883678562,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Infectious Diseases Society of America and US CDC recommend 60\u2009days of ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, or amoxicillin for anthrax prophylaxis. It is not possible to determine severe adverse drug event (ADE) risks from the few people thus far exposed to anthrax prophylaxis. This study's objective was to estimate risks of severe ADEs associated with long\u2010term ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and amoxicillin exposure using three large databases: one electronic medical record (General Practice Research Database) and two claims databases (UnitedHealthcare, HMO Research Network).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We include office visit, hospital admission and prescription data for 1\/1\/1999\u20136\/30\/2001. Exposure variable was oral antibiotic person\u2010days (pds). Primary outcome was hospitalization during exposure with ADE diagnoses: anaphylaxis, phototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, seizures, ventricular arrhythmia, or infectious colitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We randomly sampled 999\u2009773, 1047\u2009496, and 1819\u2009004 patients from Databases A, B, and C respectively. 33\u2009183 amoxicillin, 15\u2009250 ciprofloxacin and 50\u2009171 doxycycline prescriptions continued \u226530\u2009days. ADE hospitalizations during long\u2010term exposure were not observed in Database A. ADEs during long\u2010term amoxicillin were seen only in Database C with 5 ADEs or 1.2(0.4\u20132.7) ADEs\/100\u2009000 pds exposure. Long\u2010term ciprofloxacin showed 3 and 4 ADEs with 5.7(1.2\u201316.6) and 3.5(1.0\u20139.0) ADEs\/100\u2009000 pds in Databases B and C, respectively. Only Database B had ADEs during long\u2010term doxycycline with 3 ADEs or 0.9(0.2\u20132.6) ADEs\/100\u2009000 pds. For most events, the incidence rate ratio, comparing &gt;28 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 1\u201328 pds exposure was &lt;1, showing limited evidence for cumulative dose\u2010related ADEs from long\u2010term exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline appear safe, supporting use of these medications if needed for large\u2010scale post\u2010exposure anthrax prophylaxis. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T10:16:39Z","timestamp":1201169799000},"page":"523-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Adverse events associated with prolonged antibiotic use"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sharon B.","family":"Meropol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, October 2001","volume":"50","author":"Bush L","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"45","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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Investigation of bioterrorism\u2010related anthrax and adverse events from antimicrobial prophylaxis","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"47","key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Adverse events associated with anthrax prophylaxis among postal employees\u2014New Jersey, New York City, and the District of Columbia metropolitan area. 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