{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T13:03:34Z","timestamp":1705583014334},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,28]],"date-time":"2009-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1240876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"BoehringerIngelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the extent to which different highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens pose risks for hypercholesterolemia in children with perinatal HIV\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single center, retrospective cohort study examined different HAART regimens and total cholesterol (TC) levels. The primary outcomes were TC levels\u2009&gt;\u2009180,\u2009&gt;\u2009200\u2009mg\/dl. HAART was defined as multiple nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), NRTI and protease inhibitor (PI) combinations (NRTI\/PI), and NRTI and non\u2010nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) combinations (NRTI\/NNRTI). Controls were HIV\u20101 infected children while on no medications (No MED). Univariate and multivariable Cox regression models generated hazard ratios for each of the primary outcomes with duration of therapy in the model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 178 HIV\u20101 infected children eligible for study, 72.4% had TC\u2009&gt;\u2009180\u2009mg\/dl, 53.4% had TC\u2009&gt;\u2009200\u2009mg\/dl. For TC\u2009&gt;\u2009200, the multivariable analysis showed increased risk with NRTI\/NNRTI (HR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.34\u20132.19) and NRTI\/PI (HR: 3.45, 95%CI: 2.65\u20134.51) when compared to No MED. Compared to NRTI\/NNRTI, NRTI\/PI increased the risk for TC\u2009&gt;\u2009200\u2009mg\/dl (HR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.45\u20132.39) in the multivariable model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vertically acquired HIV\u20101 infected children, HAART elevates the risk of hypercholesterolemia. NRTI\/PI increased risk of TC levels threefold, while NRTI\/NNRTI increased risk twofold over No MED. 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