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Among this, patients who initiated a ChI treatment between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2005 and for whom 1 year of follow\u2010up in the database after treatment initiation was available were identified. One\u2010year persistence of ChI treatment was defined as an ongoing treatment without dispensing interval exceeding 60 consecutive days during the 12 months following treatment initiation. Drug switches were not considered as treatment discontinuation. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify, among patients characteristics (sociodemographic, drug uses), factors associated with one\u2010year persistence of ChI treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 942 patients who initiated a treatment with ChI during the study period, 72.4% were women; mean age was 79.6 years (SD\u2009=\u20097.4). Patients used eight other different drugs in median (Inter\u2010Quartile Range: 5\u201311); 63.7% used psychotropics, 63.6% used cardiovascular drugs. One\u2010year persistence of ChI treatments was estimated at 45.3%. Persistence of ChI treatments was lower in patients aged 80 years and over (OR\u2009=\u20090.74, 95%CI: 0.57\u20130.96); it was higher in patients using antidepressants at ChI treatment initiation (OR\u2009=\u20091.38, 95%CI: 1.05\u20131.82).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>One\u2010year persistence of ChI treatment was estimated at 45.3% in this French sample. To optimize persistence of ChI treatment in the demented, patients poorly symptomatic and\/or aged over 80 years should be especially monitored. 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