{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T07:33:15Z","timestamp":1785655995844,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,28]],"date-time":"2011-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To quantify drug\u2010related problems (DRPs) in self\u2010medication (over\u2010the\u2010counter [OTC] drug use) identified by community pharmacists (CPs) in Germany at the time the drug is dispensed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred CPs were asked to document 100 consecutive customers presenting symptoms or requesting OTC drugs using a standardized documentation form. The number of 10\u2009000 encounters seemed reasonable to evaluate the set objective. For each encounter, data such as age, sex, and first or repeated request and the availability of a patient file in the pharmacy including drug history were documented. Furthermore, identified DRPs, problem descriptions, and solutions were documented. Data were transcribed electronically, coded, checked for validity, and analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 109 CPs documented 12\u2009567 encounters identifying DRPs in 17.6% of all cases. Four indications comprised more than 70% of all DRPs: pain, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin disorders. Four DRPs were responsible for almost 75% of all DRPs identified: self\u2010medication inappropriate (29.7%), requested product inappropriate (20.5%), intended duration of drug use too high including abuse (17.1%), and wrong dosage (6.8%). If a drug history was available, significantly more cases with wrong dosage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and drug\u2013drug interactions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were detected.<\/jats:p><jats:p>All patients with identified DRPs were counseled accordingly. Furthermore, the most frequent interventions were referral to a physician (39.5%) and switching to a more appropriate drug (28.1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In nearly one of five encounters, a direct pharmacist\u2013patient interaction about self\u2010medication revealed relevant DRPs. Having access to patient files including data on prescription and OTC drugs may increase patient safety. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,28]],"date-time":"2011-09-28T06:14:12Z","timestamp":1317190452000},"page":"254-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Nature and frequency of drug\u2010related problems in self\u2010medication (over\u2010the\u2010counter drugs) in daily community pharmacy practice in Germany"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Christiane","family":"Eickhoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Drug Information and Pharmacy Practice (ZAPP) ABDA\u2013Federal Union of German Associations of Pharmacists  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"H\u00e4mmerlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Drug Information and Pharmacy Practice (ZAPP) ABDA\u2013Federal Union 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