{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:39:06Z","timestamp":1790267946210,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]],"date-time":"2012-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010medication with antibiotics adds to the global risk of increased spread of bacterial resistance. Attitudes and behavior of health professionals also may reinforce self\u2010medication with antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine whether self\u2010medication with antibiotics is possible in our community pharmacies and to what extent, and to evaluate the behavior and service of pharmacy health professionals regarding non\u2010prescription antibiotic dispensation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An observational, cross\u2010section study was conducted, and pseudo\u2010patient methodology was used to establish the kind of professional service provided in case of patient's explicit demand to buy an antibiotic for treatment of self\u2010diagnosed upper respiratory tract infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the total 318 community pharmacies, 131 (41%) were visited and included in the study. Non\u2010prescription antibiotics were dispensed in 76 (58%) pharmacies. Counseling and symptomatic therapy was offered in 88 (67%) pharmacies. In 25% of pharmacies, no symptomatic therapy was offered; instead, only an antibiotic was sold. Amoxicillin was sold in 85% of cases and, mostly, the one of 1.30 Euro per pack. Both oral and written use instructions were given in 78% cases, whereas none was given in 3% of cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010medication with antibiotics occurs in our community pharmacies, despite being illegal. Pharmacy staff behavior can be a factor that puts patients at risk for self\u2010medication with antibiotics. Community pharmacies are failing their tasks in enhancing rational use of antibiotics. Such a practice may be a consequence of weak enforcement and control over the legislation and professional standards. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]],"date-time":"2012-02-15T09:47:40Z","timestamp":1329299260000},"page":"1130-1133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Self\u2010medication with antibiotics in the Republic of Srpska community pharmacies: pharmacy staff behavior"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Vanda","family":"Markovi\u0107\u2010Pekovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare  the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nata\u0161a","family":"Grubi\u0161a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina  Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10001-006-0030-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1203.050992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2005.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-11-58"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540600606507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Self\u2010medication with antibiotics in Slovenian general population","volume":"74","author":"Cizman M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare.Pharmacy Practice Law [in Serbian]. The Republic of Srpska Official Gazzette2008 No 119."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"Pharmaceutical Association of the Republic of Srpska.Good Pharmacy Practice \u2010 the professional goals [in Serbian]. Banja Luka 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"MarklundB.Patient's Pharmacy Advisory Guideline [in Serbian]. Pharmacies Sarajevo Pharmacies Banja Luka and GPP Task Force 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7083141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096\u2010007\u20109132\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410020721"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.3218","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.3218","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T14:16:31Z","timestamp":1695478591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.3218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.3218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.3218","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]}}}