{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:10:05Z","timestamp":1790968205474,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to detect and characterize adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that occurred during hospitalization (ADR<jats:sub>In<\/jats:sub>) and ADRs associated with admission (ADR<jats:sub>Ad<\/jats:sub>) in Portugal from 2000 to 2009. We also intended to compare the results of this methodology with spontaneous reporting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a nationwide study using a hospital administrative database that included all acute care public hospitalizations in Portugal, from 2000 to 2009. We used International Classification of Diseases\u20149<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>Revision\u2014Clinical Modification coding data for the detection of ADRs. Codes searched included \u201cE\u201d codes (E930 to E949.9, codes that exclude poisonings and errors) and five groups of diagnoses codes associated with high prevalence of ADR as found in a previous study: hypoglycemia, drug\u2010induced neutropenia, hepatitis unspecified, anaphylactic shock due to drugs, and shock due to anesthesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 9\u2009271\u2009122 hospitalizations within that period, 116\u2009720 ADRs were detected through the database methodology, representing 1.26% from all hospitalizations. Of the ADRs, 97.3% occurred during hospitalization (ADR<jats:sub>In<\/jats:sub>), whereas 2.7% were associated with admission. Age, female sex, and comorbidities such as pneumonia, heart failure, diabetes, and malignancies were associated with ADRs (all with differences statistically significant). There were 13\u2009562 spontaneous reports from 2000 to 2009.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several methods have been used for the detection of ADRs, but they are difficult to apply at a national level. Spontaneous reporting is widely used but grossly underestimates the frequency of ADRs. The database methodology can be very useful to estimate ADRs frequency and to perform a simple characterization of ADRs nationwide. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T04:08:38Z","timestamp":1371096518000},"page":"907-913","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Detection of adverse drug reactions using hospital databases\u2014a nationwide study in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Miguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Central University Hospital of Coimbra  Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Bernardo Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altamiro Costa","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (CINTESIS) Faculty of Medicine University of Porto  V. N. Gaia Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488607779315507"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.15.1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2006.00744.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3309"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1L037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430180043006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.The importance of pharmacovigilance\u2014safety monitoring of medicinal products.2002. Accessed from:http:\/\/apps.who.int\/medicinedocs\/en\/d\/Js4893e\/. Accessed January 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.9.1086"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200730100-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-010-9372-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200629020-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02554.x"},{"issue":"2752","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for ADRs in older adults: retrospective cohort study","volume":"338","author":"Zhang M","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200528050-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"940","article-title":"A qualitative analysis of prescription activity and alert usage in a computerized physician order entry system","volume":"169","author":"Wipfli R","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"787","article-title":"Methodology to improve data quality from chart review in the managed care setting","volume":"8","author":"Cassidy LD","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.1998.0050305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.International Drug Monitoring: the Role of the Hospital. Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization;1966. Technical Report Series No. 425."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"INFARMED.National Portuguese Authority of Drug and Health Products. Accessed fromhttp:\/\/www.infarmed.pt. Accessed April2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.7.790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7456.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2010.100113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-361"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Physician code creep: evidence in Medicaid and State Employee Health Insurance billing","volume":"28","author":"Seiber EE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Care Financ Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.30.5.529"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4338\/ACI-2009-11-RA-0009"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.3468","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.3468","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.3468","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]],"date-time":"2025-07-20T05:52:45Z","timestamp":1752990765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.3468"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.3468"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.3468","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]}}}