{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T22:39:01Z","timestamp":1779921541847,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to characterize the patterns of medication intake in healthy, reproductive\u2010age women not using hormonal contraception.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundered fifty\u2010nine healthy, premenopausal women (18\u201344\u2009years of age) enrolled in the BioCycle Study (2005\u20132007) were followed over two menstrual cycles. Women were excluded if they were currently using oral contraceptives or other chronic medications. Over\u2010the\u2010counter and prescription medication use among participants was evaluated daily throughout the study via a diary assessing type of medication, dosage, units, and frequency. Medications were categorized as allergy, antibiotics, central nervous system (CNS), cold and cough, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and pain medication based on primary active ingredient. Medication use within each category was assessed across standardized 28\u2010day cycles to evaluate differences in use across cycle phases (i.e., early, middle, and late).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medication use was reported by 73% of participants. The most and least frequently used medications, respectively, were pain (69%) and musculoskeletal medications (1%). Pain, CNS, and antibiotic medication use varied significantly across the cycle, with pain and CNS medication more frequently reported during menses and antibiotics more frequently during the luteal phase. Allergy, cold and cough, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal medication use did not vary across the cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patterns of medication use among reproductive age women vary across the menstrual cycle for certain types of medications, particularly in pain (e.g., Ibuprofen), antibiotics (e,g, Amoxicillin), and CNS (e.g., Adderall) medications. Future studies involving use of these types of medication in premenopausal women may need to consider the relationship of their use to the menstrual cycle. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T05:44:39Z","timestamp":1457415879000},"page":"618-627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Patterns and prevalence of medication use across the menstrual cycle among healthy, reproductive aged women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kristen A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey A.","family":"Sjaarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Intramural Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National 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