{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:12:08Z","timestamp":1787238728316,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["K24 AR055989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 AR055989"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis characterized by repeated acute flares. The ability to accurately identify gout flares is critical for comparative effectiveness studies of gout treatments. We developed and examined the accuracy of a claims\u2010based algorithm to identify gout flares.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients receiving care at an academic medical center between 2006 and 2010 with a diagnosis of gout or hyperuricemia were selected using an electronic medical record\u2010Medicare claims linked dataset. Gout flares were identified by several claims\u2010based algorithms using a diagnosis of gout combined with gout\u2010related medication claims and\/or procedure codes for arthrocentesis or joint injection. We calculated positive predictive value of these algorithms based on physician documentation of gout flare in medical record as the gold standard. Negative predictive value of the gout flare algorithm was calculated in a randomly selected subgroup of 200 patients with gout.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 3952 subjects with gout or hyperuricemia, 503 flares were identified using the medication\u2010based algorithm, and 290 were identified using the procedure\u2010based algorithm. The positive predictive value for gout flares ranged from 50\u201354% for the medication\u2010based algorithms and 59\u201368% for the procedure\u2010based algorithms. The negative predictive value of the algorithm combining both medication and procedure claims was high (85.2%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of gout diagnosis codes in combination with medication dispensing or procedure codes did not appear to accurately capture gout flares in patients with gout in a claims database. However, the claims\u2010based flare algorithm could be useful in identifying a cohort of gout patients with no flares. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T02:08:18Z","timestamp":1464314898000},"page":"820-826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Validation of claims\u2010based algorithms for gout flares"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Lindsey A.","family":"MacFarlane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Chin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seoyoung C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30520"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2012.0057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep087"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1001124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4425"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000209882.50228.9f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080487"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22324"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33483"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.4044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.4044","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pds.4044","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.4044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T02:51:56Z","timestamp":1692845516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.4044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.4044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.4044","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]]}}}