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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of concomitant use of CCBs and clopidogrel on risks of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) re\u2010hospitalization in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 51\u2009925 patients who were admitted for newly diagnosed ACS, received percutaneous coronary intervention, and used clopidogrel within 1\u2009year after discharge. We further stratified them into three groups based on their uses of guideline\u2010recommended secondary prevention medications for ACS (fully, partially, and non\u2010compliant groups) to assess the potential modification effect of guideline compliance. For each group, we conducted a 1:1 propensity score matching to minimize selection bias. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the effect of concomitant use of CCBs (overall, subclasses, and individual CCBs) and clopidogrel on risks of ACS re\u2010hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concomitant use of CCBs in patients discharged with clopidogrel was significantly associated with a lower risk of ACS re\u2010hospitalization in the fully compliant group (HR<jats:sub>fully compliant<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.82 [95% confidence interval 0.75\u20130.89], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) but was associated with increased risk of ACS re\u2010hospitalization in the non\u2010compliant group (HR<jats:sub>non\u2010compliant<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20091.22 [1.03\u20131.45], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0252).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different guideline compliance of secondary prevention medications could modify the potential drug\u2013drug interaction between clopidogrel and CCBs. Concomitant use of CCBs and clopidogrel was significantly associated with increased risk of ACS re\u2010hospitalization in ACS patients not compliant to guideline\u2010recommended secondary prevention drugs. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T10:06:46Z","timestamp":1483956406000},"page":"229-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Concomitant use of calcium channel blockers with dual antiplatelet therapy and re\u2010hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Chen\u2010Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen\u2010Fang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei 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