{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T16:28:23Z","timestamp":1770049703723,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Priority Medicines Kinderen project ZONMW: EVIPED: Novel methods to assess and compare drug effects in pediatrics","award":["113201007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113201007"]}]},{"name":"European Union's Seventh Framework Programme","award":["261060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["261060"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accurate estimates of disease incidence in children are required to support pediatric drug development. Analysis of electronic health care records (EHR) may yield such estimates but pediatric\u2010specific methods are lacking. We aimed to understand the impact of assumptions regarding duration of disease episode and length of run\u2010in period on incidence estimates from EHRs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children aged 0 to 17\u00a0years (5\u201317\u00a0years for asthma) registered in the Integrated Primary Care Information database between 2002 and 2014 were studied. We tested the impact of the following: maximum duration of disease episode (0, 14, 30, 60, and 90\u00a0days) on recurrent diseases (acute otitis media [common] and acute pyelonephritis [rare]); and database run\u2010in period on chronic diseases\u2014asthma (common) and type 1 diabetes (DM) (rare). We calculated incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals and stratified using 1\u2010year age categories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether, 503\u00a0495 children were registered. The incidence of acute otitis media was highest in &lt;2\u2010year\u2010old children; using 30\u00a0days disease duration as reference, the rate increased with 8% if the duration was 14\u00a0days and decreased with 8% when extended to 60\u00a0days. Disease duration did not impact acute pyelonephritis (rare). No run\u2010in (to exclude prevalent cases) versus 24\u2010month run\u2010in period overestimated the incidence rate for asthma and DM by a factor of 2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of EHR allows for estimation of disease incidence in children, but assumptions regarding episode length and run\u2010in period impact the incidence estimates. Such assumptions may be routinely explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]],"date-time":"2018-04-25T00:39:45Z","timestamp":1524616785000},"page":"612-620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of different assumptions on estimates of childhood diseases obtained from health care data: A <i>retrospective cohort study<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4921-0899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osemeke U.","family":"Osokogu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-0540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Pacurariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mees","family":"Mosseveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rijnbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Weibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-4904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia","family":"Verhamme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam C.J.M.","family":"Sturkenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Utrecht Julius Center  The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"FDA.Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act.2002;http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/RegulatoryInformation\/Legislation\/FederalFoodDrugandCosmeticActFDCAct\/SignificantAmendmentstotheFDCAct\/ucm148011.htm. Accessed 26th June 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"European Union.REGULATION (EC) No 1901\/2006 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 12 December 2006 on medicinal products for paediatric use and amending Regulation (EEC) No 1768\/92 Directive 2001\/20\/EC Directive 2001\/83\/EC and Regulation (EC) No 726\/2004.2006;http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/files\/eudralex\/vol\u20101\/reg_2006_1901\/reg_2006_1901_en.pdf. Accessed 26th June 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"United States of America.Pediatric Research Equity Act of 2003.2003;http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/DevelopmentApprovalProcess\/DevelopmentResources\/UCM077853.pdf. Accessed 22nd December 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency.Paediatric investigation plans: templates forms and submission dates.2016;http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/ema\/index.jsp?curl=pages\/regulation\/document_listing\/document_listing_000293.jsp. 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