{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T15:58:09Z","timestamp":1765727889523,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]],"date-time":"2020-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>Non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with many serious complications and they are widely used in New Zealand (NZ). However, differences in NSAID\u2010associated risk for these complications between ethnic groups are largely unknown. We assessed ethnic disparities in risk of hospital admission for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), heart failure, and acute kidney failure (AKF) in NZ's primary care population prescribed and dispensed NSAIDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Retrospective cohort study utilising national pharmaceutical dispensing and hospital admissions data 2007 to 2015. Patient follow\u2010up included 90\u2010day periods following the dispensing of NSAIDs. Risk for each adverse outcome in Maori, Pacific, European, and Asian patients was estimated using multivariable Poisson regression adjusting for age, sex, deprivation, comorbidity and concurrent drug use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>3\u2009023 067 patients were dispensed NSAIDs between 2008 and 2015. Their total intended duration of NSAID treatment encompassed 2 353\u2009140 patient\u2010years. Maori, Pacific and Asian patients were younger than European patients (all P<\/jats:italic> <\u2009.001). After adjusting for other risk factors, Maori (rate ratio: 2.54, 95% confidence interval: 2.23\u20102.90) and Pacific patients (3.17, 2.69\u20103.74) were more likely to be hospitalised for UGIB than Europeans (reference), and heart failure (Maori: 2.48, 2.24\u20102.74; Pacific: 1.97, 1.69\u20102.30). Risk of AKF was higher in Maori (1.46, 1.23\u20101.74). Higher risk for UGIB and HF in Maori and Pacific patients was most pronounced in males and patients aged <60\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Inequalities exist in the incidence of serious adverse outcomes experienced by different ethnic groups in NZ while using NSAIDs. Interventions to promote safer use of these medicines are required to reduce this inequity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T05:18:25Z","timestamp":1590988705000},"page":"881-889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ethnic inequality in non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug\u2010associated harm in New Zealand: A national population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0967-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Tomlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Best Practice Advocacy Centre NZ Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David John","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Best Practice Advocacy Centre NZ Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"New Zealand Pharmacovigilance Centre University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Lambie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safety in Practice, Planning and Funding, Waitemat\u0101 and Auckland District Health Boards Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Eskildsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safety in Practice, Planning and Funding, Waitemat\u0101 and Auckland District Health Boards Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safety in Practice, Planning and Funding, Waitemat\u0101 and Auckland District Health Boards Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murray","family":"Tilyard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Best Practice Advocacy Centre NZ Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of General Practice and Rural Health Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-10-787"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199906173402407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.14.2093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.080754"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3329"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced impairment of renal function","volume":"12","author":"Pazhayattil GS","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.05105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3437"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c7086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2012.698609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13558"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). 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