{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:49:14Z","timestamp":1790790554558,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Memantine is a N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist currently used for moderate\u2010to\u2010severe Alzheimer's disease. Although the risk of memantine abuse is very low, other NMDA receptor antagonists, such as phencyclidine and ketamine, are well known to drug users. The purpose of this study was to collect data on social networks in order to identify unexpected forms of memantine abuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A Google Trends search was used to highlight <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/reddit.com\">reddit.com<\/jats:ext-link> as a major source of social discussions about memantine. Self\u2010reported users experiences posted on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/reddit.com\">reddit.com<\/jats:ext-link> were recorded and sorted using representative keywords.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2010 to November 2019, 307 topics citing memantine were identified on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/reddit.com\">reddit.com<\/jats:ext-link> and 136 users experiences extracted from the topics were recorded. The main use identified was \u201cself\u2010medication\u201d based on off\u2010label uses of memantine such as anxiety, depression, attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder, or obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (n = 87 reports), followed by nootropic (42) and recreational (39) uses. The average reported doses for acute and chronic uses were 156\u2009\u00b1\u2009110\u2009mg and 23\u2009\u00b1\u200924\u2009mg respectively. For chronic use, the average duration was 15\u2009\u00b1\u200929\u2009weeks. Most chronic users (77 out of 100) reported at least one side effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Memantine misuse seems to be a growing phenomenon. Beyond expected use for recreational purpose; the main uses identified on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/reddit.com\">reddit.com<\/jats:ext-link> were not reported in the medical literature. Off\u2010label uses and nootropic purposes seemed to be key features of memantine misuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T05:19:51Z","timestamp":1593494391000},"page":"1189-1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Memantine misuse and social networks: A content analysis of Internet self\u2010reports"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Johan","family":"Natter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University Hospital of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5961-1584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University Hospital of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010cardiovascular Pharmacology and Toxicology EA7296 University of Strasbourg  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.938"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1971.03180200050011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950030035004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12063"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"A review of PCP abuse trends and perceptions","volume":"104","author":"Thombs DL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2005.10.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"Evaluation of the reinforcing and discriminative stimulus properties of the low\u2010affinity N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate channel blocker memantine","volume":"9","author":"Nicholson KL","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015908783769671"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2431"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6748.132930"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15l10318"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/749796"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2226"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.02.014"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.5070","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.5070","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pds.5070","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.5070","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T15:23:40Z","timestamp":1693754620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.5070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.5070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.5070","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}