{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:39:45Z","timestamp":1791725985141,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]],"date-time":"2020-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, within the Project for Kosovo \u201cMaintaining and Scaling Up Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Activities in Kosovo\u201d","award":["KOS-911-G05-T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KOS-911-G05-T"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant worldwide social and life\u2010threatening epidemiological problem. Because this disease requires multiple drug treatment and prolonged therapy for several months, followed by a high probability of adverse effects (AEs), we assessed AE monitoring for anti\u2010TB drugs in the Health Care System of Kosova.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This survey was a cross\u2010sectional analysis performed at the primary, secondary and tertiary health care levels in Kosova. We included 930 registered tuberculosis patients within three levels of this health system in our study. Furthermore, we interviewed 62 physicians and 71 nurses at TB health facilities. Data were collected from official TB registers and personal contact with patients for 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The representative age group was 19 to 29\u2009years (30.49%), followed by a group of patients aged &gt;60\u2009years (23.23%). Among 930 patients treated with TB drugs, the total incidence of adverse AEs was 29.03%. Female TB patients had a higher rate of AEs than did male patients (33.56% vs 28.84%, respectively). The highest incidence of registered AEs was recorded in the gastrointestinal system (270, 80.83%), followed by the central nervous system (CNS, 7.50%) and was lower in other organ systems. The reporting of anti\u2010TB drug effects by medical staff (TB medical doctor and TB medical nurse) at different levels of TB medical settings occurred among 62.90% of medical doctors and 81.69% of nurses. Only 53.23% of medical doctors and 46.48% of nurses completed pharmacovigilance training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pharmacovigilance approach in Health System of Kosova is not comprehensible and not systematic. The relatively low incidence of AEs among TB patients is due under reporting of these by medical staff. The knowledge, attitudes, and adherence of medical staff reveal low awareness for pharmacovigilance activities, and this concern should be addressed to reinforce this important issue for the safe treatment of TB patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T06:11:24Z","timestamp":1596867084000},"page":"1037-1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tuberculosis drug safety and pharmacovigilance in health system of Kosova: A cross\u2010sectional analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Shaip","family":"Krasniqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina \u201cHasan Prishtina\u201d  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4515-8640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burim","family":"Neziri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina \u201cHasan Prishtina\u201d  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianit","family":"Jakupi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Agency for Development \u2010 HAD  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismajl","family":"Shurdhaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Agency for Development \u2010 HAD  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armond","family":"Daci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine University of Prishtina \u201cHasan Prishtina\u201d  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Jupolli\u2010Krasniqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Agency for Development \u2010 HAD  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimoza","family":"Pira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Agency for Development \u2010 HAD  Prishtina Kosovo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO| Tuberculosis (TB). 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