{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:34:34Z","timestamp":1789000474204,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the prescription sequence symmetry analysis assumption regarding balance between marker drug (i.e., medication used to treat a drug\u2010induced adverse event) initiation rates before and after initiation of an index drug (i.e., medication that is potentially associated with the drug\u2010induced adverse event) in the absence of prescribing cascades, we used a well\u2010described example of loop diuretic initiation to treat dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (DH CCB)\u2010induced edema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The University of Florida Health Integrated Data Repository from June 2011 and July 2018 was used to assess temporal prescribing of DH CCB and loop diuretics within the prescription sequence symmetry analysis framework. Validation of the prescribing cascade was performed via clinical expert chart review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients without heart failure who were initiated on DH CCB, 26 and 64 loop diuretics initiators started within 360\u2009days before versus after DH CCB initiation, respectively, resulting in an adjusted sequence ratio (aSR) of 2.27 (95% CI, 1.44\u20133.58). Overall, 35 (54.7%) patients were determined to have a prescribing cascade. Removing patients who experienced a prescribing cascade resulted in an aSR of 1.05, 95% CI 0.62\u20131.78).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Loop diuretic initiation rates before and after DH CCB initiation for reasons other a prescribing cascade were similar, thus confirming the prescription sequence symmetry analysis assumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T05:04:52Z","timestamp":1632373492000},"page":"72-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Evaluation of the key prescription sequence symmetry analysis assumption using the calcium channel blocker: Loop diuretic prescribing cascade"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-2160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott M.","family":"Vouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Safety University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Health Physicians  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Aging and Geriatric Research University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Earl J.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silken A.","family":"Usmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Health Physicians  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Reise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"University of Florida Health Physicians  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl J.","family":"Pepine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd M.","family":"Manini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Safety University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Aging and Geriatric Research University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah College of Pharmacy  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almut G.","family":"Winterstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes &amp; 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