{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:00:21Z","timestamp":1792040421754,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tamsulosin has been associated with dementia, but the results have been inconsistent. Concerns have been raised about using exposure assessment time too close to the outcome. We investigated the association between use of \u03b11\u2010adrenoceptor antagonists indicated for benign prostate hyperplasia and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using different exposure windows.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study (24\u2009602 cases and 98\u2009397 matched controls) included men from the Finnish nationwide nested case\u2013control study on Medication and Alzheimer's disease (MEDALZ). Cases received clinically verified AD diagnosis during 2005\u20132011 and were community\u2010dwelling at the time of diagnosis. Use of tamsulosin and alfuzosin in 1995\u20132011 was identified from the Prescription Register and categorized based on whether it had occurred within 3\u2009years before AD diagnosis (lag time) or before that. Dose\u2013response analysis using defined daily doses of drug (DDDs) was conducted. Associations were investigated with conditional logistic regression, adjusted for confounders and mediators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of \u03b11\u2010adrenoceptor antagonists before lag time associated with an increased risk of AD (OR 1.24 [1.20\u20131.27]). After adjustment for comorbidities and concomitant drug use throughout the assessment time (confounders) and healthcare contacts within the lag period (mediators), the association weakened (aOR 1.10 [1.06\u20131.14]). We found no evidence of dose\u2013response\u2010relationship when comparing the users of higher than median DDDs to the users of lower than median DDDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings, especially the lack of dose\u2013response\u2010relationship and attenuation after mediator adjustment, do not provide strong support for the previous hypothesis on \u03b11\u2010adrenoceptor antagonists as a risk factor for dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,25]],"date-time":"2022-06-25T13:19:39Z","timestamp":1656163179000},"page":"1110-1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Use of \u03b11\u2010adrenoceptor antagonists tamsulosin and alfuzosin and the risk of Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Latvala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio Research Centre for Geriatric Care University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miia","family":"Tiihonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio Research Centre for Geriatric Care University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teemu J.","family":"Murtola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Department of Urology Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirpa","family":"Hartikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio Research Centre for Geriatric Care University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9270-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna\u2010Maija","family":"Tolppanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Kuopio Research Centre for Geriatric Care University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.18f12660"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2018.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Risk Reduction of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: WHO Guidelines. 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