{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:30:28Z","timestamp":1791862228889,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perinatal epidemiology studies using healthcare utilization databases are often restricted to live births, largely due to the lack of established algorithms to identify non\u2010live births. The study objective was to develop and validate claims\u2010based algorithms for the ascertainment of non\u2010live births.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the Mass General Brigham Research Patient Data Registry 2000\u20132014, we assembled a cohort of women enrolled in Medicaid with a non\u2010live birth. Based on \u22651 inpatient or \u22652 outpatient diagnosis\/procedure codes, we identified and randomly sampled 100 potential stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, and termination cases each. For the secondary definitions, we excluded cases with codes for other pregnancy outcomes within \u00b15\u2009days of the outcome of interest and relaxed the definitions for spontaneous abortion and termination by allowing cases with one outpatient diagnosis only. Cases were adjudicated based on medical chart review. We estimated the positive predictive value (PPV) for each outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The PPV was 71.0% (95% CI, 61.1\u201379.6) for stillbirth; 79.0% (69.7\u201386.5) for spontaneous abortion, and 93.0% (86.1\u201397.1) for termination. When excluding cases with adjacent codes for other pregnancy outcomes and further relaxing the definition, the PPV increased to 80.6% (69.5\u201388.9) for stillbirth, 86.6% (80.5\u201391.3) for spontaneous abortion and 94.9% (91.1\u201397.4) for termination. The PPV for the composite outcome using the relaxed definition was 94.4% (92.3\u201396.1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest non\u2010live birth outcomes can be identified in a valid manner in epidemiological studies based on healthcare utilization databases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T13:30:48Z","timestamp":1669296648000},"page":"468-474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Validation of claims\u2010based algorithms to identify non\u2010live birth outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6697-6450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanmin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian T.","family":"Bateman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1458-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Hernandez\u2010Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T. 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Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn J.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2623-2726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loreen","family":"Straub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Reimers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beryl","family":"Manning\u2010Geist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Yoselevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lockwood G.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research United States Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Ouellet\u2010Hellstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research United States Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research United States Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yandong","family":"Qiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research United States Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research United States Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5805-8430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krista F.","family":"Huybrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4789"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067405"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1301066"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d8012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31827c5f88"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1312828"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004857"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Prevention CfDCa.Picture of Americia \u2013 Reproductive Outcomes Fact Sheet. 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