{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:07:26Z","timestamp":1791220046579,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to describe the distribution of gestational age at birth (GAB) to inform the estimation of GAB when clinical or obstetric estimates are not available for perinatal pharmacoepidemiology studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We estimated GAB (median, mode, mean, and standard deviation) and percentage born at each gestational week in groups based on plurality and other variables for live births in CDC's U.S. birth data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2020, 3\u2009617\u2009213 newborns had birth certificates with nonmissing GAB. Among singletons (3\u2009501\u2009693), median and mode GAB were both 39\u2009weeks. Births with lower median GAB were from women with eclampsia (37\u2009weeks) or receiving intensive care (37\u2009weeks); newborns receiving intensive care (37\u2009weeks); newborns with birth weight\u2009&lt;2500\u2009g (35\u2009weeks), &lt;1500\u2009g (28\u2009weeks), or\u2009&lt;1000\u2009g (25\u2009weeks); and newborns not discharged alive (23\u2009weeks). Among twins (112\u2009633), median GAB was 36\u2009weeks (mode, 37\u2009weeks). Additional noteworthy groups were women with 0\u20136 prenatal visits (median, 34\u2009weeks) or 7\u20138 prenatal visits (median, 35\u2009weeks) or aged 15\u201319\u2009years (median, 35\u2009weeks).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some maternal and infant groups had distinct GAB distributions in the United States. This information can be useful in estimating GAB when individual\u2010level clinical estimates are not available, such as in database studies of medication use during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T15:54:41Z","timestamp":1681746881000},"page":"1012-1020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Distribution of gestational age at birth by maternal and infant characteristics in <scp>U<\/scp>.<scp>S<\/scp>. birth certificate data: Informing gestational age assumptions when clinical estimates are not available"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7388-6082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea V.","family":"Margulis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8177-6326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Calingaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions  Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-2169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison T.","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions  Waltham Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5093-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Rivero\u2010Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-1794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary S.","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions  Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475\u20106773.2006.00635.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3284"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4811"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"CDC.Vital statistics online data portal: downloadable data files. 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