{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:06:44Z","timestamp":1787162804581,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006260","name":"Rheumatology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006260","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a natural language processing (NLP) tool to extract forced vital capacity (FVC) values from electronic health record (EHR) notes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis\u2010interstitial lung disease (RA\u2010ILD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We selected RA\u2010ILD patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097485) in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) between 2000 and 2020 using validated ICD\u20109\/10 codes. We identified numeric values in proximity to FVC string patterns from clinical notes in the EHR. Subsequently, we performed processing steps to account for variability in note structure, related pulmonary function test (PFT) output, and values copied across notes, then assigned dates from linked administrative procedure records. NLP\u2010derived FVC values were compared to values recorded directly from PFT equipment available on a subset of patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 5911 FVC values (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091844 patients) from PFT equipment and 15\u2009383 values (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094982 patients) by NLP. Among 2610 date\u2010matched FVC values from NLP and PFT equipment, 95.8% of values were within 5% predicted. The mean (SD) difference was 0.09% (5.9), and values strongly correlated (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.94,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with a precision of 0.87 (95% CI 0.86, 0.88). NLP captured more patients with longitudinal FVC values (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093069 vs.\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091164). Mean (SD) change in FVC %\u2010predicted per year was similar between sources (\u22121.5 [30.0] NLP vs. \u22120.9 [16.6] PFT equipment; standardized response mean\u2009=\u20090.05 for both).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NLP of EHR notes increases the capture of accurate, longitudinal FVC values by three\u2010fold over PFT equipment. Use of this NLP tool can facilitate pharmacoepidemiologic research in RA\u2010ILD and other lung diseases by capturing this critical measure of disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T07:44:43Z","timestamp":1702971883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Extracting forced vital capacity from the electronic health record through natural language processing in rheumatoid arthritis\u2010associated interstitial lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9649-3588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryant R.","family":"England","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Nebraska\u2010Western Iowa Health Care System &amp; Division of Rheumatology &amp; Immunology University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punyasha","family":"Roul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Nebraska\u2010Western Iowa Health Care System &amp; Division of Rheumatology &amp; Immunology University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyuna","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Nebraska\u2010Western Iowa Health Care System &amp; Division of Rheumatology &amp; Immunology University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hershberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harlan","family":"Sayles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle VA  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant W.","family":"Cannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology VA Salt Lake City &amp; University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian C.","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology VA Salt Lake City &amp; University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua F.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA &amp; University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted R.","family":"Mikuls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Nebraska\u2010Western Iowa Health Care System &amp; Division of Rheumatology &amp; Immunology University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27405"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.2.9609016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00357\u20102015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201006\u20100894CI"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20102600(22)00260\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen\u20102017\u2010000473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075\u2010015\u20100835\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.120626"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31829b1dbd"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl\u20102011\u2010000464"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227730"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse.https:\/\/www.hsrd.research.va.gov\/for_researchers\/vinci\/cdw.cfm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874\u2010018\u20100501\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9712108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1733"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201105\u20100840OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000223741.02074.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13063\/2327\u20109214.1217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040874"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067\u2010018\u20104382\u2010x"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.5744","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.5744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T05:51:36Z","timestamp":1706075496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.5744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.5744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.5744","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e5744"}}