{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:51:30Z","timestamp":1786978290481,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects all organ systems and is characterized by numerous acute and chronic complications and comorbidities. Standardized codes are needed for complications\/comorbidities used in real\u2010world evidence (RWE) studies that rely on administrative and medical coding. This systematic literature review was conducted to produce a comprehensive list of complications\/comorbidities associated with SCD, along with their diagnosis codes used in RWE studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search in MEDLINE and Embase identified studies published from 2016 to 2023. Studies were included if they were conducted in US SCD populations and reported complications\/comorbidities and respective International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD\u2010CM) codes. All identified complications\/comorbidities and codes were reviewed by a certified medical coding expert and hematologist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 1851 identified studies, 39 studies were included. The most reported complications\/comorbidities were stroke, acute chest syndrome, pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, and vaso\u2010occlusive crisis. Most of the studies used ICD\u20109\u2010CM codes (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921), while some studies used ICD\u201010\u2010CM codes (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093) or both (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915), depending on the study period. Most codes reported in literature were heterogeneous across complications\/comorbidities. The medical coding expert and hematologist recommended modifications for several conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While many studies we identified did not report their codes and were excluded from this review, the studies with codes exhibited diverse coding definitions. By providing a standardized set of diagnosis codes that were reported by studies and reviewed by a coding expert and hematologist, our review can serve as a foundation for accurately identifying complications\/comorbidities in future research, and may reduce heterogeneity, enhance transparency, and improve reproducibility. Future efforts focused on validating these code lists are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T02:28:41Z","timestamp":1724898521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Standardization of coding definitions for sickle cell disease complications: A systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1981-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulette Negron","family":"Ericksen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firas","family":"Dabbous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Analytics \u2013 Real World Evidence Evidera  Bethesda Maryland 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