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Using NPR supplementary for detecting safety signals is beneficial due to shorter data extraction delays compared to using SCR alone. This study aims to evaluate the consistency of NPR for cancer diagnoses compared to SCR and its potential use in pharmacoepidemiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a cancer diagnosis recorded in SCR during 2018\u20132020 were included. To measure the consistency of NPR diagnoses with SCR as the gold standard, positive predictive value (PPV), and sensitivity were calculated. As an empirical example showing differences in identification of cancer diagnoses in NPR and SCR, two nested case\u2013control studies for the association between antidiabetic medications and pancreatic cancer were repeated using the two registers. Conditional logistic regression was performed and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the odds ratios (ORs) were checked for overlaps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For breast, male genital organs, and oral cancers consistency was high (PPV: 87.5%\u201397.4%, sensitivity: 82.2%\u201391.0%), while for female genital organs, thyroid, and ill\u2010defined, secondary, and unspecified sites cancers it was low (PPV: 8.8%\u201390.0%, sensitivity: 19.9%\u201332.3%). All the CIs for the ORs from the nested case\u2013control studies overlapped when pancreatic cancer was identified in NPR or SCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consistency of cancer diagnoses in NPR when compared to SCR depends on cancer type with higher consistency for some cancers and lower for others. Differences in diagnostic processes for different cancer types and coding of cancer in the two registers may explain part of the inconsistent results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T08:10:00Z","timestamp":1711008600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Consistency between the National Patient Register and the Swedish Cancer Register"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1695-6879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakura","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1908-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Pazzagli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2619-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency.Scientific guidance on post\u2010authorisation efficacy studies (December 10 2016); pp. 14.2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102018\u2010028504"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"National Patient Register.Socialstyrelsen (Accessed February 28 2022).https:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/en\/statistics-and-data\/registers\/national-patient-register\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Publiceringskalender f\u00f6r statistik.Socialstyrelsen (Accessed January 19 2022).https:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/statistik-och-data\/statistik\/publiceringskalender-for-statistik\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Register.Socialstyrelsen (Accessed February 28 2022).https:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/en\/statistics-and-data\/registers\/national-cancer-register\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010450"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860802247664"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27462"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38415.708634.F7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201038956\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i581"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12605"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.02.06.dc05\u20101558"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2011\u20100462"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12\u20100788"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"Socialstyrelsen.Bortfall i cancerregistret vid j\u00e4mf\u00f6relse med d\u00f6dsorsaksintyg (September 7 2021); pp. 7."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","unstructured":"ICD.ICD\u201010 Version: 2019. 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