{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:35:43Z","timestamp":1791041743676,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) exposure has been linked to increased skin cancer in Caucasian (white) populations, especially squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but not basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This study aimed to evaluate and compare skin cancer risks associated with HCTZ\u2010 and other antihypertensives use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study utilized Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified patients aged 20\u2009years and older, newly receiving antihypertensive medications between 2004 and 2015. We calculated the medication possession ratio (MPR) for the first 2\u2009years of treatment to determine patient eligibility and treatment classification, whereby only patients with MPR above 80% were included. These were subsequently categorized by the type of antihypertensives they received, namely HCTZ, other thiazide diuretics, non\u2010thiazide diuretics or non\u2010diuretic antihypertensives. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate skin cancer risks, and these were then classified as SCC or BCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study included 41\u2009086, 27\u2009402, 19\u2009613, and 856\u2009782 patients receiving HCTZ, other thiazide diuretics, non\u2010thiazide diuretics, and non\u2010diuretic antihypertensives, respectively. We found BCC risks were similar when comparing HCTZ with other thiazides (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.54\u20131.33), non\u2010thiazide diuretics (0.93; 0.51\u20131.67), and non\u2010diuretic antihypertensives (0.91; 0.66\u20131.26). We observed a higher SCC risk in the HCTZ group, compared to other thiazides (1.24; 0.74\u20132.08), non\u2010thiazide diuretics (1.32; 0.70\u20132.51), and non\u2010diuretic antihypertensives (1.23; 0.87\u20131.73), although the confidence intervals (CIs) were wide and crossed the null.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We concluded that skin cancer need not be of major concern to physicians when prescribing antihypertensives for an Asian population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:54:23Z","timestamp":1729731263000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hydrochlorothiazide Use and Risk of Skin Cancer: A Population\u2010Based Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1674-0148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avery\u00a0Shuei\u2010He","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Djebarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology department Sanofi  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaw\u00a0Ning","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-3358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology department Sanofi  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed\u00a0Abdel","family":"Moneim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical cardiovascular department Sanofi Aventis  Dubai UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Chieh","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swu\u2010Jane","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy University of Illinois at Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu\u2010Chi","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung\u2010Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Real World Solutions IQVIA Solutions Taiwan  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5852-7652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward\u00a0Chia\u2010Cheng","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2020.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2020.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2021.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2606271"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ITT.S134842"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14314","article-title":"Drug\u2010Induced Photosensitivity: Culprit Drugs, Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Consequences","volume":"19","author":"Hofmann G. 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