{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T04:10:02Z","timestamp":1792469402583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze the geographic and temporal patterns of biologic prescriptions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Brazil's public national unified health system (SUS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This ecological study used data from patients with IBD in the SUS Outpatient Information System between 2008 and 2022. Prais\u2010Winsten regression was used to estimate the trends in prescription rate of biologics. For geographic analysis, average prescription rate of biologics was calculated by state for three periods: 2008\u20132012, 2013\u20132017, and 2018\u20132022. Global Moran's index (GMI) and local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) were used to assess spatial autocorrelation and identify spatial clusters of biologic prescriptions, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prescription rate of biologics increased from 3.0% to 16.7%. Infliximab was the most prescribed drug from 2008 to 2012 (3.0%\u20134.2%), and adalimumab was the most widely prescribed drug from 2013 to 2022 (4.3%\u20139.1%). Higher prescription rates of biologics were observed in patients with Crohn's disease than in those with ulcerative colitis (40.5% vs. 3.2%). Biologics were primarily prescribed in the Southeast and South; however, the central\u2010western and northern regions showed greater changes in prescription rates over time. There were increased clusters of high biologic prescriptions across the three evaluated periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increase in biologic prescriptions over time may be attributed to their enhanced efficacy in inducing and maintaining IBD remission. Biologic prescriptions in Brazil are experiencing temporal and geographical changes, indicating that disparities in drug prescriptions may decrease with universal, equitable healthcare access, despite administrative challenges in obtaining these medications through SUS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T04:29:11Z","timestamp":1739507351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Geographic and Temporal Patterns in Biologic Prescriptions for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Public Healthcare System in Brazil: An Ecological Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9445-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline Tianeze","family":"de Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3986-5656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcio","family":"dos Santos Natividade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3766-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1488-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samilly Silva","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4903-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Arag\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0970-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Antonio","family":"de Souza Teles Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Collective Health Federal University of Bahia  Salvador Brazil"},{"name":"Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) Gon\u00e7alo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)  Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6128-1155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Djanilson Barbosa","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Sciences Federal University of Rec\u00f4ncavo da Bahia  Santo Ant\u00f4nio de Jesus Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2019.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(17)32448\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Brasil \u201cProtocolo Cl\u00ednico e Diretrizes Terap\u00eauticas para Doen\u00e7a de Crohn \u201d Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. 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