{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T03:44:30Z","timestamp":1776397470179,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011880","name":"Acad\u00e9mie de recherche et d'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011880","name":"Acad\u00e9mie de recherche et d'enseignement sup\u00e9rieur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People living with HIV (PLWH) face many challenges in adhering to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Measuring individual changes in adherence is essential to assess quality of care and to manage healthcare costs. This study aimed to identify patterns of ART adherence among adult PLWH in Belgium over a 24\u2010month follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of longitudinal data related to PLWH in Belgium was conducted using the Pharmanet database from 2019 to 2022. Adherence was assessed monthly and reported as the proportion of days covered. Group\u2010based trajectory modeling was used to identify adherence patterns, with changes within each trajectory described using chi\u2010square tests. Unordered multinomial logistic regression was used to identify predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 15\u2009128 prevalent ART users, 2076 of whom were incident ART users living with HIV, 65.3% were male, 40.4% were aged between 35 and 49\u2009years, and 44.9% lived in the Flanders region. During follow\u2010up period, 61.0% of prevalent users and 52.1% of incident users maintained optimal adherence. Three groups (\u201cconsistently high\u201d (61.0%), \u201cmoderately decreasing\u201d (28.6%), and \u201chighly decreasing\u201d (10.4%)); and four groups adherence trajectories (\u201cconsistently high\u201d (52.1%), \u201cmoderately decreasing\u201d (24.3%), \u201cearly decrease\u201d (12.9%), and \u201clate decrease\u201d (10.8%)) were identified respectively among prevalent and incident ART users. Female sex, younger age, living in the Brussels\u2010Capital Region, and treatment initiation during the COVID\u201019 pandemic were significantly associated with suboptimal adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ART adherence during the 24 months of follow\u2010up among PLWH in Belgium was suboptimal. Interventions targeting at\u2010risk groups during periods of declining adherence are needed among PLWH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T22:49:53Z","timestamp":1773355793000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real\u2010World Dynamic Patterns and Predictors of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Adults Living With\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    in Belgium: Evidence From Group\u2010Based Trajectory Modeling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7004-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieudonn\u00e9","family":"Ilboudo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Epid\u00e9miologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de sant\u00e9 Publique Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.)  Bruxelles Belgium"},{"name":"Centre Muraz, Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique  Bobo\u2010Dioulasso Burkina Faso"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9250-1264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9kou","family":"Samadoulougou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Epid\u00e9miologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de sant\u00e9 Publique Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.)  Bruxelles Belgium"},{"name":"Laval University, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Qu\u00e9bec  Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8424-2346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Cyr","family":"Yombi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Cliniques Universitaires Saint\u2010Luc, UCLouvain  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2253-0427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anouk","family":"Neven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics Luxembourg Institute of Health  Strassen Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9584-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fati","family":"Kirakoya\u2010Samadoulougou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Epid\u00e9miologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de sant\u00e9 Publique Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.)  Bruxelles Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(15)00056\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"J.Deblonde B.Serrien M.De Rouck A.Williams andD.Van Beckhoven \u201c\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie du VIH en Belgique. 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