{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:51:49Z","timestamp":1787953909299,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinicians are often concerned that early resumption of antiplatelet therapy may increase the risk of recurrence after burr\u2010hole surgery for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), yet studies on this issue remain limited. We evaluated whether early resumption of antiplatelet therapy increases CSDH recurrence using a target trial emulation framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified patients who had received antiplatelet therapy preoperatively and undergone initial burr\u2010hole surgery for CSDH from two hospital\u2010based administrative databases (2016\u20132024). To estimate CSDH recurrence risk with early resumption, we compared two treatment strategies: strategy 1, resumption of antiplatelet therapy within 4\u2009days after the initial burr\u2010hole surgery; and strategy 2, no resumption within 30\u2009days after the initial burr\u2010hole surgery. We employed the clone\u2013censor\u2013weight method to address immortal time and time\u2010varying confounders. Using a stabilized weighted pooled logistic regression model, we then calculated the 30\u2010, 60\u2010, and 90\u2010day risk of CSDH recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 1552 eligible patients, 217 (14.0%) experienced CSDH recurrence within 90\u2009days. Risk of CSDH recurrence at 30, 60, and 90\u2009days was 8.1%, 13.7%, and 14.2% for strategy 1 versus 7.2%, 12.5%, and 13.9% for strategy 2. The respective risk ratios were 1.13 (95% CI, 0.76\u20131.56), 1.10 (0.75\u20131.51), and 1.02 (0.71\u20131.40), and the risk differences were 0.9% (\u22122.2 to 3.4), 1.2% (\u22123.7 to 5.2), and 0.3% (\u22124.8 to 4.6).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that early resumption of antiplatelet therapy may not increase CSDH recurrence risk. These findings may inform clinical decision\u2010making regarding postoperative antiplatelet management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T22:55:08Z","timestamp":1779144908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resumption of Antiplatelet Therapy After Burr\u2010Hole Surgery and Recurrence in Patients With Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Target Trial Emulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7490-5820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Anno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7147-0737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiki","family":"Fukasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7477-4071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70063"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.01.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.2.jns141889"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2025.2523021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.091"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0000000000001808"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2024.2413445"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2025.0850"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471\u2010024\u201000346\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2025.112215"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37737\/ace.24009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20200288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37737\/ace.27004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.13350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/annals\u201024\u201001871"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102025\u2010084909"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20220147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","volume-title":"Causal Inference: What If","author":"Hern\u00e1n M. 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