{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T02:02:39Z","timestamp":1784512959857,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pharmacist prescribing of HIV pre\u2010exposure (PrEP) and post\u2010exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an emerging strategy to expand access to HIV prevention, but real\u2010world evidence on its implementation remains limited. We assessed national and regional trends in pharmacist\u2010prescribed dispensing records of PrEP (2020\u20132025) and PEP (2020\u20132024) in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nationwide time series analysis using databases from the Ministry of Health. The primary outcome was pharmacist\u2010prescribed PrEP and PEP dispensing records per 100\u2009000 adults per year. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate average annual percent change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pharmacists prescribed 27\u2009126 (2.80%) of 969\u2009536 PrEP records and 13\u2009073 (1.97%) of 664\u2009000 PEP records. The frequency of pharmacist\u2010prescribed records in relation to all prescribers increased (PrEP: 0.22% to 5.77%; PEP: 0.12% to 4.59%). National pharmacist\u2010prescribed PrEP dispensing increased from 0.10 to 6.24 per 100\u2009000 adults (AAPC: 120.80; 95% CI 71.96 to 189.84;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while pharmacist\u2010prescribed PEP dispensing increased from 0.07 to 4.93 per 100\u2009000 adults (AAPC: 166.62; 95% CI 68.66 to 313.26;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The Southeast had the highest absolute rates for both strategies. Significant upward trends were observed in all five regions for PrEP, and in the Southeast, Northeast, and Center\u2010West for PEP. The national PrEP rate stabilized between 2024 and 2025.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pharmacist prescribing of HIV prophylactic medications significantly increased in Brazil since 2020 and may potentially represent an important mechanism to broaden access to HIV prevention. However, regional differences may underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to address geographic implementation gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T12:39:42Z","timestamp":1783082382000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trends in Pharmacist\u2010Prescribed Dispensing Records of\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    Pre\u2010Exposure (2020\u20132025) and Post\u2010Exposure Prophylaxis (2020\u20132024) in Brazil: A Time Series Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9518-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Magno Baldin","family":"Tiguman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6631-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo  Esp\u00edrito Santo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3957-4533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia Melo","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0904189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS \u201cGlobal HIV Prevention Coalition \u201d2026 https:\/\/hivpreventioncoalition.unaids.org\/en."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"Consolidated Guidelines on HIV Prevention, Testing, Treatment, Service Delivery and Monitoring: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach","author":"WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.70090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461\u2010021\u201003494\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904\u2010024\u201000700\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904\u2010024\u201000710\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy11010009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11606\/s1518\u20108787.2023057004476"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Secretaria Municipal de Sa\u00fade de S\u00e3o Paulo \u201cPortaria no. 364 de 1 de outubro de 2020 \u2010 Atribui fun\u00e7\u00f5es aos profissionais Farmac\u00eauticos e Cirurgi\u00f5es\u2010Dentistas para prescreverem antirretrovirais para as Profilaxias Pr\u00e9 e P\u00f3s\u2010Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao HIV (PrEP e PEP respectivamente) \u201dhttps:\/\/legislacao.prefeitura.sp.gov.br\/leis\/portaria\u2010secretaria\u2010municipal\u2010da\u2010saude\u2010sms\u2010364\u2010de\u20101\u2010de\u2010outubro\u2010de\u20102020\/detalhe."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34119\/bjhrv7n9\u2010330"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cOf\u00edcio Circular no. 48\/2023\/SVSA\/MS de 16 de mar\u00e7o de 2023 \u2010 Prescri\u00e7\u00e3o de PrEP e PEP por farmac\u00eauticos \u201dhttp:\/\/azt.aids.gov.br\/documentos\/PREP%20PEP%20MS%20Of%20Circ%2048.2023.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","unstructured":"Conselho Federal de Farm\u00e1cia. \u201cOf\u00edcio no. 01685\/2022\u2010CGP\u2010CFF de 08 de julho de 2022 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cff.org.br\/userfiles\/file\/OF%C3%8DCIO%20N%C2%BA%201685\u20102022.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cOf\u00edcio Circular no. 11\/2024\/CGAHV\/DATHI\/SVSA\/MS. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Departamento de Doen\u00e7as de Condi\u00e7\u00f5es Cr\u00f4nicas e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis. Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o\u2010Geral da Vigil\u00e2ncia do HIV\/AIDS e das Hepatites Virais \u201dhttps:\/\/www.gov.br\/aids\/pt\u2010br\/assuntos\/noticias\/2024\/junho\/ministerio\u2010da\u2010saude\u2010disponibiliza\u2010compilado\u2010de\u2010documentos\u2010que\u2010amparam\u2010a\u2010prescricao\u2010de\u2010prep\u2010e\u2010pep\u2010por\u2010enfermeiros\u2010as\u2010e\u2010farmaceuticos\u2010as\/SEI_MS0041177563OfcioCircularN11_2024_CGAHV.DATHISVSAMS.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.SJA_543_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001885"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1413\u201081232018245.16512017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5327\/dst\u20102177\u20108264\u20102023351389"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed10080231"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011548"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cPORTARIA SECTICS\/MS No. 55 DE 14 DE NOVEMBRO DE 2024 \u2010 Torna p\u00fablica a decis\u00e3o de atualizar no \u00e2mbito do Sistema \u00danico de Sa\u00fade \u2010 SUS o Protocolo Cl\u00ednico e Diretrizes Terap\u00eauticas para Profilaxia Pr\u00e9\u2010Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o (PrEP) Oral \u00e0 Infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV \u201dSecretaria de Ci\u00eancia Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e do Complexo Econ\u00f4mico\u2010Industrial da Sa\u00fade https:\/\/www.gov.br\/conitec\/pt\u2010br\/midias\/protocolos\/profilaxia\u2010preexposicao\u2010prep\u2010oral\u2010a\u2010infeccao\u2010pelo\u2010hiv."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S2237\u201096222024V33E2023642.en"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cPORTARIA SECTICS\/MS No. 14 DE 8 DE ABRIL DE 2024 \u2010 Torna p\u00fablica a decis\u00e3o de atualizar no \u00e2mbito do Sistema \u00danico de Sa\u00fade \u2013 SUS o Protocolo Cl\u00ednico e Diretrizes Terap\u00eauticas para Profilaxia P\u00f3s\u2010Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o de Risco (PEP) \u00e0 Infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV IST e Hepatites Virais \u201dSecretaria de Ci\u00eancia Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e do Complexo Econ\u00f4mico\u2010Industrial da Sa\u00fade https:\/\/www.gov.br\/conitec\/pt\u2010br\/midias\/protocolos\/PCDTPEP.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","unstructured":"IBGE \u201cSynthesis of social indicators. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica \u201dhttps:\/\/www.ibge.gov.br\/estatisticas\/sociais\/populacao\/9221\u2010sintese\u2010de\u2010indicadores\u2010sociais.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","unstructured":"Conselho Federal de Farm\u00e1cia \u201cResolu\u00e7\u00e3o no. 585 de 29 de agosto de 2013 \u2010 Regulamenta as atribui\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas do farmac\u00eautico e d\u00e1 outras provid\u00eancias \u201daccessed 08 de outubro de 2024 2024 https:\/\/www.cff.org.br\/userfiles\/file\/resolucoes\/585.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","unstructured":"Conselho Federal de Farm\u00e1cia \u201cResolu\u00e7\u00e3o no. 586 de 29 de agosto de 2013 \u2010 Regula a prescri\u00e7\u00e3o farmac\u00eautica e d\u00e1 outras provid\u00eancias \u201daccessed 08 de outubro de 2024 2024 https:\/\/www.cff.org.br\/userfiles\/file\/resolucoes\/586.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","unstructured":"Departamento de HIV Aids Tuberculose Hepatites Virais e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis do Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cPainel PrEP \u201daccessed 25 February 2026 https:\/\/www.gov.br\/aids\/pt\u2010br\/indicadores\u2010epidemiologicos\/painel\u2010de\u2010monitoramento\/painel\u2010prep."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","unstructured":"Departamento de HIV Aids Tuberculose Hepatites Virais e Infec\u00e7\u00f5es Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis do Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade \u201cPainel PEP \u201daccessed 25 February 2026 https:\/\/www.gov.br\/aids\/pt\u2010br\/indicadores\u2010epidemiologicos\/painel\u2010de\u2010monitoramento\/painel\u2010pep."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","unstructured":"IBGE \u201cPopulation projections and estimates from Brazil and Federal Units \u201dInstituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica. accessed 12 March 2026 https:\/\/www.ibge.gov.br\/estatisticas\/sociais\/populacao\/9109\u2010projecao\u2010da\u2010populacao.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097\u20100258(20000215)19:3<335::aid\u2010sim336>3.0.co;2\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02515"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0294"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.focus.2025.100415"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee","author":"Guidelines for HIV post\u2010exposure prophylaxis","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461\u2010019\u201002470\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2015.1062462"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.054593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007735"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","unstructured":"Conselho Federal de Farm\u00e1cia \u201cResolu\u00e7\u00e3o no. 5 de 120 de fevereiro de 2025 \u2010 Disp\u00f5e sobre o ato de estabelecer o perfil farmacoterap\u00eautico no acompanhamento sistem\u00e1tico do paciente pelo farmac\u00eautico e d\u00e1 outras provid\u00eancias \u201dhttps:\/\/www.in.gov.br\/en\/web\/dou\/\u2010\/resolucao\u2010n\u20105\u2010de\u201020\u2010de\u2010fevereiro\u2010de\u20102025\u2010617962146."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","unstructured":"Justi\u00e7a Federal da 1\u00aa Regi\u00e3o \u2010 17\u00aa Vara Federal C\u00edvel do Distrito Federal \u201cA\u00e7\u00e3o Civil P\u00fablica n\u00b0 1024895\u201051.2025.4.01.3400: decis\u00e3o liminar de suspens\u00e3o da Resolu\u00e7\u00e3o CFF no. 5\/2025 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.trf1.jus.br\/sjdf\/conteudo\/impressos\/980\u201010248955120254013400_2179454054_Decisao_(2).pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679\u201049742021000200017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000505"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.70422","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pds.70422","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.70422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T01:42:20Z","timestamp":1784511740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.70422"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.70422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.70422","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70422"}}