{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1700255405258},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]],"date-time":"2003-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1047945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated national outpatient antimicrobial prescription trends in relation to the first United States case of inhalational anthrax due to the intentional delivery of <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>) spores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We queried IMS HEALTH's National Prescription Audit <jats:italic>Plus7<\/jats:italic>\u2122 database for two 6\u2010month periods (July\u2013December) in 2001 and 2000 to describe outpatient prescription trends of antimicrobials recommended during the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) postexposure prophylaxis campaign.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, antimicrobial utilization for the referent 6\u2010month time frame was greater in 2000 compared to 2001. In contrast, ciprofloxacin utilization was greater in 2001 during October, the month following the index case, increasing by more than 40% over utilization in October 2000. Similarly, doxycycline utilization increased by 30% during October\/November. This corresponded to relative increases in US utilization for ciprofloxacin of approximately 160\u2009000 prescriptions for the month of October and for doxycycline of approximately 96\u2009000 prescriptions during October and 120\u2009000 prescriptions for November.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conclude more widespread prescribing of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline occurred in response to the first US bioterrorist\u2010associated anthrax attacks than was warranted based upon confirmed or suspected <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic> exposure alone. Published in 2003 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,24]],"date-time":"2003-03-24T11:58:58Z","timestamp":1048507138000},"page":"177-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Increased US prescription trends associated with the CDC <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i> antimicrobial postexposure prophylaxis campaign"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Douglas","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Honig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Coyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Boxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Beitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brad","family":"Leissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dianne","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"889","article-title":"Update: investigation of anthrax associated with intentional exposure and interim public health guidelines, October 2001","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012948"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"909","article-title":"Update: investigation of bioterrorism\u2010related anthrax and interim guidelines for exposure management and antimicrobial therapy, October 2001","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"941","article-title":"Update: investigation of bioterrorism\u2010related anthrax and interim guidelines for clinical evaluation of persons with possible anthrax","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Update: investigation of bioterrorism\u2010related anthrax, 2001","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Update: investigation of bioterrorism\u2010related inhalational anthrax, Connecticut, 2001","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0810.020349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"987","article-title":"Interim guidelines for investigation of and response to Bacillus anthracis exposures","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"960","article-title":"Updated recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis among asymptomatic pregnant women after exposure to Bacillus anthracis","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Update: interim recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis for children and breastfeeding mothers and treatment of children with anthrax","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/58.22.2112","article-title":"National pharmaceutical stockpile aids homeland health security","volume":"58","author":"Young D","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","unstructured":"National Center for Environmental Health.National Pharmaceutical Stockpile Program. Available from: URL:http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nceh\/nps\/default.htm[1 November2002]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"A nation challenged: medications\u2014bioterrorism and anxiety are swelling prescriptions","author":"Lewin T","year":"2001","journal-title":"The New York Times"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/58.23.2250","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin frenzy","volume":"58","author":"Smith S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","unstructured":"IMS HEALTH. Available from: URL:http:\/\/www.imshealth. com\/[1 November2002]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","unstructured":"Personal communication\/verification. IMS HEALTH. IMS HEALTH Public Relations. (800)\u2010523\u20105333. 19 November2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.257.5073.1050"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"1087","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: a plan of action for community practice","volume":"63","author":"Hooton T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"59","article-title":"Notice to readers: evaluation of postexposure antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent anthrax","volume":"51","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.7.898"}],"container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpds.828","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pds.828","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T20:37:55Z","timestamp":1700253475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pds.828"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pds.828"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.828","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8569","1099-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,18]]}}}